腾冲县医疗机构门诊发热病人蜱虫叮咬情况调查

Investigation of tick bites in outpatients with fever from health care facilities in Tengchong County

目的了解腾冲县医疗机构发热病人蜱虫叮咬情况及相关影响因素。方法选择2014年7-8月在腾冲县疾病预防控制中心、荷花卫生院、界头卫生院、曲石卫生院和新华卫生院5家医疗机构门诊就诊的发热病人为调查对象,对调查对象进行问卷调查,了解其一般情况及蜱虫叮咬史等信息。采用单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析对蜱虫叮咬的影响因素进行分析。结果共回收884份有效问卷。884名调查对象中,85人(9.6%)报告有蜱虫叮咬史。单因素分析表明,蜱虫叮咬史与性别、年龄、家中是否养牛、境外务工史、进山砍柴史和进山伐木史等因素有关(P均<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析表明,男性、家中养牛以及有境外务工史、进山砍柴和伐木史者蜱虫叮咬风险更高。结论部分腾冲县居民存在蜱虫叮咬风险,蜱虫叮咬风险在不同特征的人群中存在差异。相关疾控部门应加强对高危人群的健康教育,以减少人群感染蜱传疾病的风险。

Objective To study the prevalence of tick bites and relative factors of outpatients with fever from health care facilities in Tengchong County. Methods From July to August,2014,the outpatients with fever in five health care facilities namely Tengchong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hehua Health Center,Jietou Health Center,Qushi Health Center and Xinhua Health Center were investigated by questionnaires. The factors related to tick bites were explored with the univariate analysis and multiple regression models. Results Totally 884 effect questionnaires were acquired. Among the 884 participants,85（9.6%）had experienced tick bites. The frequency of tick bites was associated with locations,gender,age group,ownership of cattle,working at foreign country,firewood cutting and lumbering in the forest（all P〈0.05）. The multiple regression revealed that the male and people raising cattle,working at foreign country,engaging in firewood cutting and lumbering in the forest had a more risk for tick bites. Conclusions Tick bites are common in the residents of Tengchong County. The risk of being bitten varies in different populations. The local health departments should promote health education in the high-risk population to reduce the risk of infecting tick-borne diseases.