精神疾病患者司法鉴定中的性别差异

Gender differences in forensic psychiatric expertise

目的:探讨精神疾病患者司法鉴定案例中的性别差异,比较男、女被鉴定人的不同特点。方法:回顾性分析133例司法鉴定案例中的被鉴定人的临床资料,对其进行性别差异分析。结果:1男、女被鉴定人各年龄段分布无明显差异(P>0.05);2男、女被鉴定人在文化、婚姻状况方面有显著差异(P<0.05);3案情居前三位的男性被鉴定人是伤害、杀人、盗窃;女性被鉴定人分别是被强奸、杀人、伤害。男性被鉴定人伤害案比率是女性的3.54倍,差异非常显著(x^2=9.262,P<0.01);4疾病分类居前三位的男性是精神分裂症、无精神病、精神发育迟滞。女性被鉴定人分别是精神分裂症、精神发育迟滞、无精神病,女性精神发育迟滞与男性比率差异有统计学意义(x^2=5.538,P<0.05);⑸男性被鉴定人完全刑事责任能力比率较女性明显偏高,差异非常显著(x^2=17.88,P<0.01),女性被鉴定人性防卫能力比率与男性相比差异非常显著。结论:司法精神病鉴定中男、女性别差异体现在多个方面。

Objective：Tounderstand gender differences in forensic psychiatric cases, and compare the different characteristics of the appraised men and women. Methods：A retrospective survey was conducted on 133 cases of forensic expertise tounderstand gen-der differences. Results：（1）There was no significant difference in the distribution of the age groups between men and women（P〉0. 05）;（2） There were significant differences in culture and marital status between men and women （P〈0. 05）; （3） The top three cases of the men were hurt, murder, and theft, while those of women were raped, murder and hurt;the rate of the hurt cases of the ap-praised men and women was 3. 54：1, and the difference was very significant（x2=9. 262, P〈0. 01）;（4）The top three diseases in the men were schizophrenia, psychosis and mental retardation, while those of the women were schizophrenia, mental retardation and psy-chosis;the difference ofthe mental retardation ratio of the men and the women was statistically significant（x2=5. 538, P〈0. 05）;（5） The rate of total criminal responsibility of the men was significant higher than that of the women, and the difference was very significant （x2=17. 88, P〈0. 01）;moreover, the difference of the defense ability between men and women was very significant. Conclusions：Gender differences between men and women in the forensic psychiatric appraisal are reflected in many aspects.