国家地震烈度速报与预警工程——测震台网的机遇与挑战

National Seismic Intensity Rapid Reporting and Early Warning Project:Opportunity and Challenge of Seismic Network

我国已启动的"国家地震烈度速报与预警工程",将建设世界上规模最大、总数超过10000个台站的地震烈度速报与预警观测网络,这将显著提升国家防震减灾的服务能力和水平。对建设中的国家烈预工程与现有地震监测台网的发展关系进行科学的分析,具有重要的现实意义。研究表明,国家烈预工程将在地球科学研究、地震速报与地震应急处置、地震预测预报等方面为现有地震监测台网带来难得的发展机遇。国家烈预工程建设中已显现出一些新的问题,包括系统运行的稳定性与可靠性、烈度仪数据的可用性、观测数据的综合利用、以及跨学科数据共享服务等。此外,为做好国家烈预工程建成后的运行和服务工作,需要从地震观测学科角度开展大型观测台网的运行模式研究,以进一步优化测震台站布局;同时,需要开展地震预警关键技术和检测系统等实用化研究工作。

China has already started the “National Seismic Intensity Rapid Reporting and Early Warning” project （called the “National Early Warning project” for short）, which will build the world largest seismic intensity rapid reporting and early warning observation system with a total of more than 10000 stations, and will enhance the national earthquake disaster mitigation capacity and improve the service level significantly. It will be of great practical significance to analyze the relationship between the “National Early Warning project” and the existing seismic monitoring network. Studies have indicated that the “National Early Warning project” would bring a rare development opportunity to the existing seismic monitoring network, including service in earth science research, earthquake emergency response, and earthquake forecasting. Some new problems have been put forward, includ-ing the stability and reliability of the system operation, the availability of the intensity data, the comprehensive utilization of the observed data, and sharing service of the cross subject data. In order to conduct the “National Early Warning project” successfully, from the point of view of seismic observation subject, we also need to carry out the research on the operation mode for the mass observation network and optimizing seismic networks, key technology, detection system and practical work for earthquake early warning.