稀土卟啉近红外发光配合物在生命科学领域中的应用研究进展

Recent Advances in Near-Infrared Luminescent Lanthanide Porphyrin Complexes

稀土近红外发光材料具有独特的光物理性质,如发光谱带窄、较大的Stock位移、荧光寿命长可达毫秒级等,在医学诊断和成像、免疫分析等热门领域具有重大的应用前景。但由于跃迁选择定则,稀土离子本身的吸收系数较小,需要用特定的生色团对其进行敏化,以增强其发光性能。在众多生色团中,卟啉化合物由于其激发态能级与近红外发光的稀土离子能级较为匹配,可以较好的敏化稀土离子,获得较高的近红外发光效率,因此,近年来受到了极大的关注。本文总结了近年来近红外发光卟啉稀土配合物在生命科学领域中的应用研究进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

Near-Infrared luminescent lanthanide complexes are well known for their unique 3d-4f electronic structures, which exhibit special photochemical and photophysical properties such as line-like emission spectra, large stoke shift and long luminescence lifetimes （ micro- to milli-second scale） , which has received much attention for their highlighted value in the applications of bio-sensing and imaging analysis. However, due to Laporte-forbidden 4f →4f transitions of Ln^111 ions,direct excitation of Ln^111 ions rarely yields highly luminescent materials. To this end, indirect excitation, termed sensitization or antenna effect by chromophores, has to be used. Porphyrins with exceedingly delocalized π systems and high stability, which undoubtedly represent one of the most studied macrocyclic rings, have been widely used to sensitize NIR emission of Lnm ions. In this review, the latest developments in the field of NIR emissive porphyrin lanthanide complexes were summarized. And the features, advantages, designed ideas and developing trends of these NIR complexes are also demonstrated in this review.