新疆山地森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

Assessment of Service Functions Value of Mountain Forest Ecosystem in Xinjiang Province,China

依据LY/1721—2008《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》,采用第8次新疆森林资源连续清查数据、新疆天山和新疆阿尔泰山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站长期定位观测数据以及社会公共数据,对新疆山地森林生态系统14种主要林分类型、2种林地类型和5种乔木龄组的服务功能价值进行评估。结果表明:新疆山地森林生态服务功能价值为862.46×108元/a;各功能价值量的排序依次为:涵养水源>固碳释氧>生物多样性保育>保育土壤>净化大气环境>积累营养物质;乔木林和灌木林生态服务价值量分别占总价值量的69.27%和30.72%;天山和阿尔泰山森林生态系统服务功能价值量分别占总价值量的57.34%和42.46%;各龄林的生态服务功能总价值依次为成熟林>过熟林>近熟林>中龄林>幼龄林。单位面积生态服务功能价值量为3.59×104元/(hm^2·a);乔木和灌木单位面积价值量分别为5.09×104元/(hm^2·a)和2.01×104元/(hm^2·a);天山和阿尔泰山森林生态系统分别为3.30×104元/(hm^2·a)和3.77×104元/(hm^2·a);单位面积价值量为过熟林>中龄林>成熟林>幼龄林>近熟林。

According to the “Forest Ecosystem Services Assessment Standards” （LY/1721-2008）, and based on the data from the eighth national forest resource inventory of Xinjiang Province, longterm monitoring data by Xinjiang Tianshan forest ecosystem research station and Aletai Mountain forest ecosystem research station and public data, the service function total values of 14 major dominant trees, two stand types and five arbor age groups in Mountain forest ecosystem in Xinjiang Province were evaluated. The results showed that the total value of the service functions of mountain forest ecosystem was 86246 × 108 yuan/a; The value order of individual service function was water conservation 〉 carbon fixation and oxygen released 〉 species conservation 〉 soil conservation 〉 atmosphere environmenta1 purification 〉 nutrient accumulation. The ecosystem service value of arbor and shrub occupied 6927% and 3072% of the total value, respectively; The ecosystem service value of Tianshan and Aletai mountain occupied 5734% and 4246% of total value, respectively; The total value order of five age group was mature forest 〉 overmature forest 〉 nearmature forest 〉 middle age forest 〉 sapling forest. The value of per unit area ecosystem service was 359 × 104 yuan/（hm2·a）， of which arbor and shrub was 509 × 104 yuan/（hm2·a） and 201 × 104 yuan/（hm2·a）；Tianshan and Aletai mountain forest was 330 × 104 yuan/（hm2·a） and 377 × 104 yuan/（hm2·a）；The value order of per unit area ecosystem service of five age groups was overmature forest 〉 middle age forest 〉 mature forest 〉 sapling forest 〉 nearmature forest.