云南省卫星热点与林火格局的关系研究

The Study on Spatial Pattern of Satellite Monitoring Hotspots and Forest Fires in Yunnan

根据国家林业局和西南卫星林火监测分中心2007—2013年监测到的云南省卫星热点数据，基于ARCGIS空间分析模块，运用核密度法量化分析了2007—2013年云南省卫星监测热点与林火的空间分布格局。结果表明，云南省热点年平均密度为0.0058个/km2，林火年平均密度为0.0009起/km2；热点和林火的空间分布特征均表现为聚集性，均可分为低密度区 （〈 0.0064, 〈 0.0032）、中密度区 （0.0064~0.0177, 0.0032~0.0122） 和高密度区 （0.0177~0.0687, 0.0122~0.0414）；云南省热点和林火聚集分布格局差异性突出，热点高密度区集中于省内农林业重点开发区域，如普洱市、西双版纳州、德宏州、红河州和文山州；相对而言，林火高密度区主要分布在滇中的云南松林、暖温性稀树灌木草丛以及滇西北的高山针叶林区。而滇南、滇西南地区虽然热点密度较高，但因气候相对湿润，林火密度反而较低。本研究可以为云南的防火基础设施建设、火灾扑救能力建设及日常巡护管理提供参考。

Hotspots data in 2007—2013 provided by Forest Fire Monitoring Center of State Forestry Administration and Southwest Satellite Forest Fire Monitoring Subcenter were analyzed to explore the spatial pattern of satellite monitoring hotspots and forest fires in Yunnan province from 2007 to 2013, and the Kernel Density method in ARCGIS Spatial Analyst Module were employed. The results indicated that annual density of hotspot and forest fire was 00058 and 00009 per square kilometer, respectively. Hotspots and forest fires were both spatial aggregation in Yunnan province, and these distributions could be divided in low density （〈 00064; 〈 00032）, medium density （00064-00177, 00032-00122） and high density （00177-00687, 00122-00414） three subregion. The results also showed that the spatial aggregation pattern of hotspots and forest fires is discrepant, the high density area of hotspots is concentrated in agriculture and forestry priority development region in Yunnan province, such as Puer, Xishuangebanna, Dehong, Honghe and Wenshan. Contrastly, forest fires occurred mainly in Yunnan pine forest in central Yunnan, warmtemperate savanna shrub and grass, and alpine coniferous forests in northwest Yunnan, while forest fire density is low in south and southwest Yunnan, where the density of hotspots is high. Our results may provide a reference for the construction of fire prevention infrastructure, firefighting ability construction, and the management of daily patrol.