混合淀粉保水剂的制备及保水性能研究

Study on Preparation and Water Retention Property of Mixed Starch Water Retaining Agent

以马铃薯、木薯淀粉及二者的混合淀粉为主要原料,采用氧化还原引发接枝共聚反应,合成绿色保水剂。通过正交试验研究找出不同类型混合淀粉保水剂的最佳合成工艺,并对接枝效率和吸水倍率进行分析。结果表明:单一淀粉保水剂接枝效率较低,而混合淀粉合成保水剂的吸水倍率和接枝效率均有所提高;不同类型混合淀粉保水剂接枝效率之间没有差异性,且混合淀粉保水剂的接枝效率明显高于单一淀粉保水剂。综合比较不同类型混合淀粉保水剂的合成条件,最优化条件为:单体与淀粉的质量比为1.5,中和度75%,引发剂用量为6 mmol/L,反应温度45℃,交联剂用量为0.1 g/100 m L,在此条件下合成的保水剂吸水倍率为935 g/g。

In this experiment, the green water retaining agent was synthesized by the graft copolymerization of potato starch, cassava starch, potato and cassava mixed starch and acrylic acid as raw materials. The optimum synthesis conditions of various starch water retaining agents were found by orthogonal test and the graft efficiency and water absorption rate were analyzed. The result showed that the graft efficiency of single starch was low, and the water absorption rate and graft efficiency of the mixture of starch has improved. The graft efficiencies of various starch water retaining agents have no difference, the graft efficiency of the mixture of starch were higher than that of single starch. The synthesis conditions of various starch water retaining agents were compared, the optimum conditions are as follows： the mass ratio of monomer and starch is 15, and the neutralization degree is 75%, the dosage of initiator is 6mmol/L, the reaction temperature is 45℃, the dosage of crosslinking agent is 01g/100mL. Under this condition, the water absorption rate of the water retaining agent was 935g/g .