中美大学新生教育内容比较及启示

Comparing contents of university freshmen education in China and U.S.and implications

中美大学新生教育内容在设计理念、教育重点及实施过程方面存在较大差异。美国高校新生教育内容强调对学生未来发展的引导作用,注重对学生技能的培养,重视高中与大学的衔接教育。而我国大学新生教育内容则以管理服务为主,侧重对学生情感认知适应性的教育,针对高中与大学衔接的教育还不太成熟。对比分析中美新生教育内容的差异,我国的新生教育内容设计应以学生为中心,转换观念,树立全面发展的教育理念;夯实基础,强化对新生基本技能的培养训练;注重衔接,促进高中至大学的平顺过渡。

The contents of university freshmen education in China differentiate from those in the U.S.regarding design concept,core aims and implementation.University freshmen education in the U.S.steps up more efforts to help students to plan their own blueprints and develop their abilities and skills.Helping students to succeed fluent transitions from high school to university is also a key task for university freshmen education in the U.S.In contrast,the attention paid to high-school-to-university transition in China is still inadequate.Currently,freshmen education in Chinese universities is conducted mainly as a tool for student management and service,more attention has been paid to the education of students′emotional recognition and adaptability.By comparing the contents of university freshmen education in China and the U.S.,it can be seen that all the contents of freshmen education in Chinese universities should be designed to fulfill the need of students;Chinese universities shall also change their traditional working regime,and try to cultivate students′characteristics from all aspects;More attention shall be paid to the cultivation of students′basic abilities and skills;Besides,Chinese universities shall step up more efforts to assist their students to tide over the transition period from high school to university.