基于康熙《灵璧县志》的古代基层社会的祭祀信仰考察

Ancient Community Sacrifice and Belief Based on Lingbi County Annals in Kangxi Dynasty

康熙年间的《灵璧县志》,保存了古代灵璧很多祭祀活动的资料,从这些资料可以窥见其祭祀活动的全貌。祭祀活动在古代基层社会中占有重要地位,祭祀种类丰富多元,祭祀体系完整,能够在人们的精神层面建立起一种社会秩序。祭祀在古代社会具有维持统治的合法性和统一性,教化道德,控制社会精英与民众,纾解社会情绪等功能。祭祀活动在当今社会仍然具有多方面的意义,发扬传统祭祀文化中的积极因素,有利于当前中国社会的建设与发展。

Lingbi County Annals in Kangxi Dynasty has preserved a large number of documents of sacrifice in the ancient Lingbi from which we can get a panorama of the sacrificein a county .It is important in ancient community to sacrifice where sacrificial system is complete and sacrificial species are diverse .It has established a social order in the people′s spirits by sacrifice .Sacrifice in ancient society may maintain the rule of legitimacy and unity ,carry out the moral education ,control social elite and the masses and re-lieve the social mood .Sacrificial activities have still many functions in today′s society .It is conducive to the construction and development of China society by carrying forward the positive factors of the traditional sacrificial culture .