苏、浙、皖农户秸秆处理行为分析

Research on the farmers' behavior of straw processing in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Anhui

为了系统地研究农户秸秆处理行为的主要影响因素,从而具有针对性地提出秸秆综合利用的合理政策建议,本文以小农经济制度理性假说为理论基础,通过Logit模型的建立,构建了农户秸秆处理行为模型,对苏浙皖三省473个农户样本的秸秆资源处理行为的调研数据进行了分析。研究结果表明,农户秸秆焚烧行为主要受户主年龄、禁烧补助以及农户对秸秆焚烧认知因素的影响;农户秸秆还田行为主要受禁烧政策执行力度、家庭生活能源情况、秸秆还田意愿和还田技术指导等因素的影响;农户秸秆出售行为受农户出售意愿和附近是否有秸秆收购站点等因素的影响;农户秸秆出售行为受农户出售意愿和附近是否有秸秆收购站点等因素的影响。为提高秸秆综合利用效率,首先,要继续实行秸秆禁烧政策,并加强对农户的秸秆综合利用的知识宣传;其次,要加大对秸秆还田等综合利用技术的研发和推广工作,并完善相应的政策扶持制度;最后,要通过政府、企业及第三方组织等共同努力建立健全的秸秆收储运体系。

In order to study the main influencing factors of farmers＇ behavior of straw treatment, so as to put forward the reasonable policy suggestions for the comprehensive utilization of straw, we constructed a system of farmer straw processing behavior using 473 surveys across Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces and Logit model, based on the theory of rational hypothesis of small peasant economy system. According to the results, straw burning behavior is mainly affected by the age of farmers, prohibition subsidy and farmer cognition of straw burning. Returning straw to fields is mainly affected by prohibition of policy enforcement, energy situation of family life, willingness and technical guidance of straw returning to fields. Straw selling is mainly affected by farmer willingness to sell and whether straw purchase sites are nearby. In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of straw, we should proceed from the following three points. First, we should continue to implement the prohibition policy of straw burning conducive to curb farmer straw burning behavior, and the government should strengthen communications to farmers about straw comprehensive utilization to help farmers better understand the comprehensive utilization of straw. Second, we should increase the development and promotion of straw comprehensive utilization technology to promote the comprehensive utilization of straw with the help of technical reform, and improve the support of corresponding policy. Finally, we should establish a sound system of straw storage and transport with the help of government, enterprise and three party organization so as to promote the industrialization and market development of comprehensive utilization of straw.