“老革命”与新政权:以赣南为中心的考察( 1949—1956)

“The Old Revolutionaries” and the New Regime:the Study Focusing on Southern Jiangxi Province from 1949 to 1956

新中国成立后,参加过土地革命的党员、团员、儿童团员、在各级苏维埃政府中担任过一定职务或曾参加过红军的普通民众被称为"老革命"。新政权成立时,部分"老革命"被提拔为乡村干部。土地改革开始后,他们中的一些人逐渐被整顿清理出干部队伍,与新干部的关系也转向紧张。与此同时,一批"老革命"希望能解决党籍问题,但其愿望却很难实现。新政权与"老革命"的关系之所以错综复杂,其根源在于因后者参加革命的经历,以及苏维埃革命失败后的遭遇所造成的"政治历史问题"。这种问题既影响着新政权赋予"老革命"的政治和社会地位,也深刻地影响着他们在现实政治中的行为。

Under the new regime, the party members, league members and children league members who joined the Agrarian Revolution, the masses who once had some tides in the Soviet government, and who ever joined the red army were called ＂the old revolutionaries＂. Some of them were promoted to country cadres at the beginning of the new regime. However, after the beginning of the Agrarian Revolution, some of them were gradually weeded out from the ranks of cadres and the relations with the new cadres became tight. Meanwhile, some of the ＂old revolutionaries＂ found it was a big difficulty to realize their desires to join the CPC. The relations between the new regime and ＂the old revolutionaries＂ were complex, and the root lied in the experience of joining the revolution of the latter and the ＂political and historical problem＂ caused by the Soviet revolution defeat. The problem decides the political and social status of the ＂old revolutionaries＂ endowed by the new regime, and deeply influences their behaviors in the practical politics.