新中国成立以来广州商业网调整述论

On the Adjustment of Guangzhou Business Network since the Founding of New China

广州自古以来商贸发达,早已形成结构合理、规模较大的商业网点体系。新中国成立后,广州的商业网调整经历了曲折迂回的发展历程:在国民经济恢复期间,传统商业网格局得到延续与扩张;"对资改造"期间,对商业网进行了局部调整;"大跃进"运动后,商业网遭到"全面调整",商业服务业和从业人员大幅度减少,但随后又得到一定的恢复;到1970年,在极左路线的指导下,对商业网点进行了搬迁式调整,将老城区网点迁往工矿区和农村,造成城乡商业两败俱伤的后果;到"文化大革命"结束后,商业网调整开始拨乱反正。总之,广州商业网点的调整,是管窥新中国成立后全国商业网调整概貌的一个典型个案。

The commerce in Guangzhou is always developed from ancient times, and has already formed a large scale commercial network system with reasonable structures. After the founding of new China, the commercial network adjustment experienced the process with the twists and turns. During the period of the recovery of national economy, the setup of the traditional commercial network was continued and expanded. During the period of ＂the Transformation of Capitalistic Industry and Commerce＂, the commercial network was adjusted partially. After ＂Great Leap Forward＂ , the business network was ＂comprehensively adjusted＂ , the business services and personnel were greatly reduced, but then they were recovered to a certain degree. By 1970, under the guidance of the ultra leftist line, commercial outlets were adjusted in the way of relocation, and the outlets of old city were relocated to the mining areas and rural areas, causing the destruction to both the urban and rural commerce. After the end of the ＂Cultural Revolution＂, the commercial network adjustment began to bring order out of chaos. In short, the commercial network adjustment in Guangzhou, is a typical case of observing the general picture of the commercial network adjustment after the establishment of New China.