民事判决形成力的本质与范围

On the Essence and Scope of Civil Judgments' Shaping Force

形成力是在当事人法律行为和法院裁判行为的双重构造基础上发生的变动法律关系的效力,任何民事主体都有义务承认判决形成的法律关系。以形成力的本质为基准,只有形成诉权引起的胜诉民事判决书才属于形成判决,诉讼法上的形成之诉以及一些非讼纠纷解决方式皆不能引起形成力。形成力的客观范围限于实体法上的形成权,主观范围上具有对世性,例外情形下体现出相对性的特征,时间范围方面应注意三个重要的时间点。为实现实体法和诉讼法在形成力理论上的统一解释和衔接,应当对形成力的范围进行目的性限缩。

The essence of shaping force refers to an effect which can change legal relationship based on the juristic act of parties and the adjudicating act of the court. Every civil subject should acknowledge the legal relationship shaped by judgments. In reference to the essence of shaping force,only civil judgments for the plaintiff seeking for right of formation belong to judgments for change. The objective scope of shaping force is confined to right of formation in the realm of substantive law and its subjective scope aims at everybody except for some conditions of relativity. Three significant point- in- times about time range shall be noticed as well. In order to realize unified interpretation and connection between substantive law and procedural law regarding the theory of shaping force,the scope of shaping force ought to be limited according to its goal.