探讨小儿肠道病毒(EV)中枢神经系统感染的临床特点

Study on Clinical Features of Children with Enteroviral Infection in Central Nervous System

目的观察分析小儿肠道病毒(EV)中枢神经系统感染的临床特点。方法选取该院2014年2月—2015年2月70例无菌性中枢神经系统感染患儿,检测其脑脊液标本,分析其中49例肠道病毒中枢神经系统感染患儿临床特点。结果共检出EV感染49例(70.00%),17例脑炎,32例脑膜炎;脑炎患儿临床表现为发热、头痛、呕吐,3例柯萨奇病毒B3型脑炎患儿病情危重,治疗后1例康复,2例遗留后遗症;脑膜炎患儿主要表现为发热、呕吐、头痛、腹泻、畏光、乏力、肌痛,治疗后全部康复。结论小儿中枢神经系统感染常见病原体为肠道病毒,脑膜炎和脑炎症状较轻,预后良好,重症脑炎可遗留不同程度后遗症。

Objective To observe and analyze the clinical features of children with enteroviral infection in central nervous system. Methods 70 cases of children with aseptic infection in central nervous system treated in our hospital from February2014 to February 2015 were selected and their cerebrospinal fluid specimens were detected, and the clinical features of 49 cases with enteroviral infection in central nervous system were analyzed. Results 49 cases were detected with enteroviral infection（70.00%）, encephalitis was in 17 cases, meningitis was in 32 cases, and the clinical manifestations of children with encephalitis were fever, headache and vomiting, the disease condition of the 3 cases with coxsackievirus B3 encephalitis was severe, 1 case recovered after treatment, 2 cases left sequelae, the main manifestations of children with meningitis were fever, vomiting, headache, diarrhea, weak and myalgia, and all recovered after treatment. Conclusion The common pathogen of children with central nervous system is enterovirus, the symptoms of meningitis and encephalitis are good, and the prognosis is good, and the severe encephalitis can leave varying degrees of sequelae.