美国转基因大西洋鲑产业化对我国的启示

Enlighenments for China from the Industrialization of the Transgenic Atlantic Salmon in the US

2015年11月19日,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了转全鱼生长激素基因(gh)大西洋鲑为第一种可供食用的转基因动物产品,从而取得世界转基因动物育种研究与产业化的历史性突破。经过了长达20年的严格审核,转gh大西洋鲑才获准产业化,不仅充分说明了对包括转基因鱼在内的创新产业的管理决策尤其需要尊重科学规律和客观事实;而且表明基础研究只是产业创新的因素之一,转基因知识的科学普及与企业的积极参与是推动高新技术发展和创新产业形成不可或缺的重要条件;高屋建瓴地制定我国基因改良农业品种市场准入的条例和操作细则已经刻不容缓。

On November 19, 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration （FDA） approved the ＂all fish＂ growth hormone （gh） transgenic Atlantic salmon for public consumption, which is significant as this species is the first genetically engineered livestock approved for human consumption and is considered as breakthrough of transgenic livestock breeding research and livestock industrialization. The US FDA made this landmark decision after 20 years rigorous bio-safety assessment of the transgenic salmon. This development reveals that all the management decisions in pursuing innovation in industry should follow the scientific method and be based on objective facts. It also reveals that basic research is one of the factors involved in industrial innovation. Both the scientific research behind the creation of this transgenic product and the active participation of the business sector have become increasingly important components for promoting the development of new high-level technologies and innovative industries. Furthermore, it is an urgent demand to strategically make the regulation and standardize its industrialization guidelines for agricultural genetically modified organisms.