气相法乙苯清洁生产工艺技术进展

Advance in ethylbenzene processes through vapor-phase alkylation of benzene

随着乙苯需求不断增加,乙苯工艺的开发和应用也不断进步。20多年来,我国气相法乙苯清洁生产工艺技术经历了由国外引进到催化剂国产、再到成套技术自主创新的发展历程。中国科学院大连化学物理研究所开发了用于气相法干气制乙苯的ZSM-5/ZSM-11分子筛催化剂,中国石化上海石油化工研究院开发了一系列以ZSM-5分子筛为活性组分的气相法制乙苯催化剂,我国乙苯总产能已跃居世界首位,其中,采用气相法催化剂及工艺技术的装置规模达2 410 kt·a-1,催化剂性能和工艺技术指标达到世界先进水平,所用原料也由纯乙烯拓展到稀乙烯和乙醇。在气相法工艺大规模推广的同时,对现有技术的改进、新催化剂和新工艺技术的开发工作也在进行中,未来气相法乙苯生产工艺的能耗将进一步降低,原料普适性也更好。

With the increase of the demand for ethylbenzene, the development and application of industrial processes of ethylbenzene have progressed continuously. During the last 20 years, the processes for the production of ethylbenzene through zeolite catalyzed vapor-phase alkylation of benzene had great progress, such as using domestic catalyst as the replacement for the imported catalyst and the development of domestic technology with independent intellectual property. ZSM-5/ZSM-11 zeolite-based alkylation catalyst for vapor-phase process using dry-gas （FCC off-gas） as raw material was developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Using ZSM-5 zeolite as the active component, a series of catalysts for the production of ethylbenzene via vapor-phase process were developed by Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology. At present, the overall ethylbenzene production capacity of China's Mainland has occupied the first place in the world, and the capacity of all the industrial plants using vapor-phase technologies is up to 2 410 kt · a-1. The performances of catalysts and specifications of processes have caught up with the world level. Moreover, the raw materials have expanded to dilute ethylene and ethanol besides pure ethylene. Along with the applications and promotions of vapor-phase processes ,the improvements of the existing technologies and the innovations of the novel catalysts and processes are being carried out. In the future, the energy consumption of ethylbenzene production via vapor-phase processes will be further decreased, and the raw materials diversity will be achieved as well.