汉语“不”与彝语“ap”的异同

The Differences and Similarities Between Chinese '不' and Yi 'ap'

以往的彝语语法学者习惯用汉语语法来套彝语语法,他们理所当然地认为汉语"不"在彝语里就是"ap"的意思,彝语"ap"在汉语里就是"不"的意思;因此,汉语"不"和彝语"ap"的用法完全一样。因为汉语"不"是副词,所以彝语"ap"也是副词。但是,通过比较分析,汉语"不"和彝语"ap"的词义、词性和用法异大于同。

The previous scholars of Yi grammar used to imitate Chinese grammar in studying Yi grammar. They took it for granted that the Chinese‘不＇means ＇ap＇ in Yi and the Yi ＇ap＇ means‘不＇in Chinese, so the usages of the Chinese‘不＇and the Yi ＇ap＇ were thought to be absolutely the same. Because‘不＇is an adverb in Chinese, so the＇ap＇ of Yi must be an adverb too! But through camparison and analysis, the meaning, the part of speech and the usages of Chinese‘不＇and Yi ＇ap＇ have more differences than similarities.