青藏高原5种害鼠vkorc1基因的测序分析

Variation in vkorc1 gene of five rodent species endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

维生素K环氧化物还原酶复合物1基因（vkorc1）的变异是导致鼠类对抗凝血杀鼠剂产生抗性的主要原因。本研究利用转录组测序的方法,分析青藏高原地区5种主要害鼠——高原鼢鼠（Eospalax baileyi）、高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）、长尾仓鼠（Cricetulus longicaudatus）、青海田鼠（Lasiopodomys fuscus）和喜马拉雅旱獭（Marmota himalayana）的vkorc1基因序列信息。同时,采集5个种群共54只高原鼢鼠,对vkorc1基因全序列进行测序分析。结果显示,从转录组组装结果中成功获得5种动物的vkorc1基因编码区全序列,其中青海田鼠、长尾仓鼠、高原鼢鼠vkorc1基因编码区长度为486bp,喜马拉雅旱獭和高原鼠兔为492bp;在DNA序列水平上,5种高原动物存在143个变异位点,与大鼠的序列相似性为80.1%~90.7%,而与小鼠的序列相似性为79.7%~89.8%。在氨基酸序列水平上,5种高原动物存在37个变异位点,大鼠的序列相似性为84.0%~92.0%,而与小鼠的序列相似性为85.9%~92.0%;未发现与已知抗凝血杀鼠剂抗性相关的氨基酸位点。对5个种群54只高原鼢鼠vkorc1基因全序列的测序分析显示,比对后的全长为1 808bp,共检测到8个变异位点,其中两个为插入缺失位点,全部变异都发生在内含子区。本研究首次以基因序列为分析对象,可以为青藏高原地区的鼠害防治提供关键基础资料。

The variations of vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1（vkorc1）gene play a key role in resistance of rodents to anticoagulant rodenticides.In this study,the transcriptomic methods were applied to analyze the sequence information of five rodents plateau zokor（Eospalax baileyi）,plateau pika（Ochotona curzoniae）,lesser long-tailed hamster（Cricetulus longicaudatus）,Qinghai vole（Lasiopodomys fuscus）,and Himalayan marmot（Marmota himalayana）,which are endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（QTP）.We also sampled 54 plateau zokors from five populations and analyzed the variations within the complete vkorc1 gene（including introns）.From transcriptome assemblies,we successfully obtained the complete coding sequences of vkorc1 gene of five QTP animals.Of which,the length of vkorc1 CDS in vole,hamster,and zokor was 486 bp,while it was 492 bp in marmot and pika.At the DNA sequence level,there were 143 variable sites among the five QTP animals,the sequence similarities between the five QTP animals and rat（Rattus norvegicus）were80.1%~90.7%,while between the five QTP animals and mouse（Mus musculus）were 79.7~89.8%.At the amino acid sequence level,there were 37 variable sites among the five QTP animals,the sequence similarities between the five QTP animals and rat（Rattus norvegicus）were 84.0%~92.0%,while between the five QTP animals and mouse were 85.9%~92.0%;no amino acid residue was identical with which involved in anticoagulant resistance in Rattus and Mus.We obtained the complete vkorc1 gene（including introns）sequences of the54 zokors,based on the 1 808 bp alignment we detected 8variable sites（including 2indel sites）,all of them were in the intron region.This is the first vkorc1 sequence data from rodent species endemic to the QTP and these results will provide important scientific foundations for rodent control in the QTP regions.