红梨新品种‘香红梨’的选育

Breeding report of a new red pear cultivar ‘Xianghongli'

‘香红梨’是利用梨品种‘红安久’自然实生种子经γ-Co^60射线辐射诱变选育而成的红梨新品种。该品种果实平均单果质量216．0g，粗颈葫芦形，底色黄色，盖色鲜红色，着色程度80％，果肉白色，软溶，酸甜适度，浓香。可溶性固形物含量12．5％，可溶性糖含量10．78％，可滴定酸含量0．097％，品质上等。果实发育期125～130d，河北昌黎地区8月末成熟，短枝易成花，花芽多，早果性强。高抗果实木栓病，高抗黑星病，抗寒性强等。货架期约20d，冷藏条件下可贮存5个月左右。‘香红梨’适宜在河北秦皇岛市、唐山市、沧州市，甘肃景泰、新疆库尔勒、北京、山西太原等地及相似气候类型地区栽培应用，有望推广至我国北方大部分地区。

＇Xianghongli＇ is an mid-ripening pear with red appearance. The seeding was selected from seeds of Red D＇Anjou radiated by γ-Co^60. ＇Xianghongli＇ was initially selected in 2005 for its bright colors and excellent sour - sweet flavour. After regional adaptability testing at three sites （including Changli, Luannan and Botou in Hebei） from 2008 to 2013, it was finally examined and named as ＇Xianghongli＇ in 2013. The cultivar is a tall tree, with a height of 3.31 m at 6 years old. The tree is vigorous with ramose crown and upright tree gesture. The average length of one year old branches is 34.92 cm and the roughness of which is 0.472 cm. The branch is reddish brown in color. Leaves are elliptic, acuminate, with average 5.802 cm length and 3.389 cm width. Flowers are pale pink. The relative position of petals is overlap. The petal shape is oval with more pollen. The average setting rate of single flower is 24.17% and the inflorescence forming fruit rate is 100% under the condition of natural pollination. The average single fruit weight is 216.0 g, with mainly wide-necked pear formed. The ground color of peel is yellow with 80% bright red of cover color. The flesh is white, melting, soft and juicy, sour-sweet, strongly fragran stone cell and small core. The soluble solid content is 12.5%. The soluble sugar content is 10.78%. t, little The titratable acid content is 0.097%. The fruit quality is excellent. The fruit development period is 125-130 d and the ripe stage is at the end of August in Changli area, Hebei province. It is easy to form flower on short branches, and possesses large number of flower buds. The properties of early-bearing and highyielding is better. It begins bearing 2 years after planting and the productivity per 667 m2 is 1800 kg at 5 years after planting. It is resistant to fruit phellem, pear scab, cold, etc. The shelf life of fruit is over 20 d. The fruit can be stored for 5 months in refrigeration condition. Suitable cultivation area is Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, Cangzhou in Hebei, Jingtai in Gansu, Kuerle in Xinjiang, Beijing, Taiyuan in Shanxi and similar area. Xianghongli has the high-yield potential and can be extended to the most area of Northern China. The orchard should with flat ground, neutral or sub-acidity soil, and high moisture and fertilizer retention. tion. The planting space in the rows and plants are 2-3 m×3-4 m. The pollination euhivars are better with ＇Huangguan＇, ＇Lvbaoshi＇, ＇Xuehuali＇, ＇Xueqing＇, etc. The suitable tree shape is cylindrical and spindle. As the young trees grow vigorously, the erected branches should be pulled down. The pruning technology should be less cut back, leaving long branches, and with other pinching, bending or back spune methods to control the tree size and growth vigorous.