转化气蒸汽发生器粉尘化腐蚀与对策

Metal Dusting Corrosion of Steam Generator of Reforming Gas and Countermeasures

转化气蒸汽发生器是制氢装置的核心设备,其金属粉尘化腐蚀在运行中时有发生（通常在设计中被忽略）,引起低合金钢或普通不锈钢的严重腐蚀.粉尘化腐蚀仅发生在有CO存在的还原性气氛中,腐蚀严重部位的温度一般为482～ 648℃,主要发生在转化气蒸汽发生器上.针对设备粉尘化腐蚀现状,分析了粉尘化腐蚀的原因和影响因素;比较了各种材料对抗粉尘化腐蚀的能力,根据粉尘化腐蚀的程度,采用Inconel600,Inconel601和Inconel693不同等级的耐蚀材料来实现抗腐蚀的目的,并讨论了在设备结构设计上防止金属粉尘化腐蚀的问题,对高温转化气接触的管板、换热管等金属元件采取了降低局部高温部位温度,使其尽量低于粉尘化腐蚀发生的温度范围等措施,为转化气蒸气发生器的设计提供参考.

The steam generator of reforming gas is the critical equipment in hydrogen generation unit. The metal dusting corrosion often occurs in unit operation （The metal dusting corrosion is often neglected in design） , causing serious corrosion of low alloy steel and common stainless steel which affects the normal operation of the equipment. The dusting corrosion only occurs in the reduction gas with CO, the temperature of the location of serious corrosion is generally 482 - 648 ℃, and the corrosion is mainly on the steam generator of reforming gas. The causes and impact factors of dusting corrosion are analyzed, and the resistances of different materials against the dusting corrosion are compared. Inconel600, Inconel601 and Incone1693 corrosion - resistant materials are selected to protect corrosion based upon the severity of dusting corrosion. The metal dusting corrosion protection in equipment design is discussed, such as reducing the temperature of high - temperature location of steel elements like tube plates and heat exchange tubes which contact with high - temperature reforming gas, etc so as to keep the temperature lower than that in which the dusting corrosion occurs. A good reference is provided for the design of steam generator of reforming gas.