国际视角下中国成品油市场化定价机制研究

Research on Pricing Mechanism China's Product Oil Marketization under the International Perspective

我国成品油定价机制先后经历了政府完全管制价格、包干双轨制价格、逐步市场化价格等多个阶段,时至今日依然没有破除垄断,建立由市场定价的模式。借鉴美国、日本、韩国等国家的成品油定价机制,分析市场化定价机制与我国成品油定价机制在价格形成机制、成本构成、调控模式、监管手段等方面的差别,并重点分析了生产成本、供求关系、替代能源发展情况、垄断因素等影响成品油价格的因素,提出应从加快健全国内相关制度环境、引进成品油市场竞争机制、发展石油期货市场、建立油价波动避险体系和石油储备体系等几个方面入手,推进我国成品油市场化定价机制的形成与完善。

The pricing mechanism of China＇s product oil experienced stages of fiflly governmental regulation in price, contract dual-track price, step-by-step marketization price, and still did not break the monopoly to establish the market pricing mode till now. According to the product oil pricing mechanism of US, Japan and Korea, this article analyzes the differences in price formation mechanism, cost constitution, adjustment mode, regulation mode between marketization pricing mechanism and China＇s product oil pricing mechanism, focuses on analyzing the factors of production cost, relationship between demand and supply, replaceable energy development and monopoly factor, and puts forward that we should start from accelerating im- proving relevant domestic system environment, introducing product oil market competition mechanism, developing petroleum future market, and establishing oil price fluctuation system and oil storage system, which would improve the formation and perfection of China＇s product oil marketization pricing mechanism.