包头市潜水水质变化特征及成因分析

Variations and causes analysis of the phreatic water in Baotou City

以地下水水质检测数据为基础,结合历史水质资料,总结出包头市潜水的变化特征:潜水组分中变化最大的为F-和NO_3^-,超标率增幅达到445%和146%.2000—2011年水质总体较差,并有恶化的趋势.构建数学模型,预测极端状态下污染物在包头市某地区包气带垂直入渗速率,结果表明,一般情况污水入渗的地层饱和度在60%左右,污水点源渗入到潜水面的时间为0.01—0.11 d,面源渗入到潜水面的时间为0.2—0.41 d,该区域污染物到达潜水面的时间较短,潜水极易受到污染.

Based on groundwater quality testing and historical water quality data,we analyzed the variations of the phreatic water in Baotou City. F-and NO-3showed the greatest change in the phreatic water components,which increased 445% and 146% of the overproof rate. The overall phreatic water quality was poor,and displayed a tendency to deteriorate from 2000 to 2011.We used the mathematical model to predict the vertical infiltration of the vadose zone. The results showed that general stratum saturation of sewage infiltration was about 60%. The time of the point source sewage into the water table was 0.01—0.11 d,and the time of non-point source sewage into the water table was 0.2—0.41 d. The time of the pollution arriving at the water table was shorter,and the phreatic water was vulnerable to pollution.