高原弥散富氧机的研制及高原实地应用效果评价

Development of plateau dispersion type oxygen enricher and evaluation of practical application effect at plateau

目的：针对高原低压低氧环境,研制一种可依托部队营房/帐篷快速构建富氧室的新型制供氧设备,并进行实地实验测试。方法：采用膜法空分富氧技术研制高原弥散富氧机,结合野战工作帐篷在海拔3 866 m搭建富氧室,对富氧室4个弥散口的富氧体积分数、富氧流量以及帐篷内外的温湿度进行12 h连续观测,并征集20名受试者,在静息状态下分别检测进入富氧室前后的脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO_2）和心率（heart rate,HR）,并进行统计学分析。结果：富氧室弥散口富氧体积分数为26.3%~28.6%、富氧流量为125.1~164.0 L/min,富氧后帐篷内部温湿度较外部均有明显升高,温度分别为（27.6±3.9）、（18.2±3.2）℃（P〈0.01）,湿度分别为（42.9±7.1）%RH、（38.9±7.1）%RH（P〈0.01）。静息状态下,进入富氧室1 h后,受试者SpO_2明显升高（P〈0.01）,HR显著降低（P〈0.01）。结论：该膜分离高原弥散富氧机性能稳定、操作简单、使用方便,抗缺氧效果显著,有望改善高原官兵生活环境,提升作战能力。

Objective To develop a new-type oxygen enrichment device for large numbers of troops in low oxygen conditions at plateau,which combines with barrack or tent could quickly build an oxygen-enriched room,and to perform trials to test its effect.Methods Based on the membrane air separation technology,a plateau dispersion type oxygen enricher was designed,together with which the tent was changed into an oxygen-enriched room at an altitude of 3 866 m.Twelve-hour monitoring was carried out for the room on the volume fractions of oxygen and flow rates at 4 gas outlets as well as the temperature and humidity inside and outside of the room.Then the pulse oxygen saturation（SpO_2） and heart rate（HR） of 20 subjects were examined in a resting state before and after entering the oxygen-enriched room.Results The oxygen volume fractions at the outlets were between 26.3%and 28.6%,and the flow rates were between 125.1 and 164.0 L/min.The temperature and humidity inside the oxygen-enriched room were both higher than those outside apparently,the temperature was（27.6 ±3.9） vs（18.2±3.2） ℃（P〈0.01）,and the humidity was（42.9±7.1）%RH vs（38.9±7.1）%RH（P〈0.01）.In a resting state,after entering the oxygen-enriched room 1 h later,the level of SpO_2 increased significantly（P〈0.01） while the HR decreased notably（P〈0.01）.Conclusion This plateau dispersion type oxygen enricher based on membrane air separation technology is stable in property,simple in operation and easy to use,and the effectiveness in anti-hypoxia is remarkable.It is expected to improve the living environment of the servicemen stationed at high altitude and enhance their combat power.