不同木薯品种体细胞胚及芽器官发生能力的研究

Capacities of Somatic Embryogenesis and Shoot Organogenesis Between Different Cassava Cultivars

通过对不同优良木薯品种体细胞胚胎及芽器官发生能力进行比较研究。结果表明,不同品种之间的体细胞胚胎和芽器官发生能力因基因型不同而差异显著。KU 50体细胞胚发生率最高,为81.33%,其次为SC 205,诱导率为61.33%。而RYG 60未成功诱导出初生体细胞胚。诱导的体细胞胚经循环继代培养可形成次生胚状体。将次生胚状体转入成熟培养基,经光培养后可形成绿色的成熟体细胞胚,进而再生成植株。以KU 50体细胞胚萌发率最高,为42.2%。以子叶为外植体比以膨大的腋芽为外植体诱导初生体细胞胚的发生率高,除SC 205和NZ 199外,其余品种的诱导率均在85%以上。其中以新选048诱导效果最好,可达91.67%。将子叶切片置于器官发生培养基上可诱导不定芽的发生,诱导频率变幅为12.3%~71.0%,其中MCol 22和新选048诱导效果较好。

A comparative study of the capacity of somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis using different cassava cultivars was done. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the capacity of somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis between different cassava cultivars due to different genotypes. Incidence of the somatic embryo of KU 50 was the highest, thatwas 81.33%; and the next was the SC 205, that was 61.33%. And the somatic embryo of RYG 60 was not induced. Secondary SE was establised in mature medium to induce green mature somatic embryogenesis and then the plants were grown after culture using light. Somatic embryo germination rate of KU 50 was the highest, that was 42.2%. Inducing rate of primary somatic embryos using the cotyledon was higher than using swollen axillary buds. Inducing ratewas over than 85% in all varieties except SC 205 and NZ 199. The inducing effect of Xinxuan 048 was the best, that was 91.67%. The formation of adventitious buds could be induced though cotyledons slice were incubated in organ culture medium and the inducing rate was between 12.3% and 71.0%; The inducing effect of MCol 22 and Xinxuan 048 was the best.