充分湿润和淹水栽培后设施土壤盐分变化差异分析

Difference Analysis of Soil Salinity after Full Wettish and Waterlogging Cultivation in Greenhouse

比较了不同水作方式的水旱轮作对设施土壤盐分影响的差异,在相邻2个大棚中分别设置表土充分湿润和淹水栽培蕹菜,以10 cm为单位分4层分别取土,测定了水作前、水作2个月、改旱作2个月后0~40 cm各土层的土壤EC值和主要盐分离子含量变化。结果表明:土壤EC值经充分湿润和淹水栽培水作2个月处理后均下降,并在改旱作后出现不同程度的回升,但仍都低于各水作处理前相应土层的盐分含量。水作处理后NO_3^-和SO_4^(2-)的下渗效果明显,且SO_4^(2-)的降幅较大;充分湿润处理土壤NO_3^-的降幅较淹水栽培处理小,而改旱作2个月回升幅度比淹水栽培处理大;充分湿润处理根系吸收层K^+含量降幅小于淹水栽培的。由此可知,表土充分湿润和淹水栽培2个月再常规旱作2个月后,耕作层盐分浓度均仍低于水作前,淹水栽培总体效果优于充分湿润栽培,但充分湿润栽培对K^+和NO_3^-有较好的滞留作用。

The experiment was conducted to compare the effect of full wettish and waterlogging cultivation on soil salinity,full wettish and water logging with ipomoea（ Ipamoea aquatic Forstk） planted in 2 facilities next to each other,sampled 4 layers of soil with 10 cm as a unit,soil EC values and the main saltions content in 0 - 40 cm soil layers were determined before water-submerging-cultivation,2 months later and changed as upland cultivation for 2 months. The results showed that soil EC values of full wettish and water logging cultivation decreased after water-submerging treatment for 2 months,and there were different degrees of recovery after changed as upland cultivation,but still lower than that of corresponding soil layers. The infiltration effect of NO3^-and SO4^2-of two water-submerging-cultivation treatments was obvious,and the decline degree of SO4^2-content was larger than NO3^-content in the corresponding soil. The decline degree of NO3^-content of full wettish cultivation treatment was smaller compared with water logging cultivated treatment,but the recovery was more significant than that of water logging cultivation changed as upland cultivation for 2 months. The decline degree of K^＋content in main root absorption layer of full wettish treatment was smaller than water logging cultivation. Therefore,it was considered tillage layer of salt concentration were still lower after full wettish and water logging cultivation 2 months and then conventional upland crop 2 months later than before water-submerging cultivation,the overall effect of water logging cultivation was better than full wettish cultivation,but wettish cultivation had a good retention effect on K^＋and NO3^-.