广州地区高中生饮酒模式及过量饮酒的社会经济地位影响因素

Drinking patterns and socioeconomic determinants of binge drink among high school students in Guangzhou

目的分析广州市高中生饮酒模式,探讨不同社会经济地位指标与青少年过量饮酒行为的关系,为制定控制策略措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市4个区高一和高二学生共3 282人,采用自填问卷进行调查。结果 75.61%的学生有饮酒经历;过去一年内,60.22%的学生曾饮酒,27.67%曾醉酒;过去30d内,22.75%的学生曾饮酒,7.17%曾重度饮酒。总体上,男生五种饮酒行为流行率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);采用广义混合线性模型,分析不同社会经济地位指标对青少年过量饮酒的影响。结果显示,与家庭富裕程度低、学业成就高的青少年相比,来自家庭富裕程度高、学业成就低的青少年较可能有重度饮酒及醉酒行为。结论广州地区高中生饮酒普遍化,提示防治工作的紧迫性,应及早开展健康教育和干预工作来减少酒精的可及性和青少年的饮酒行为。

Objective To examine the drinking patterns and associations between socioeconomic status（SES）and adolescents＇ alcohol use among Guangzhou senior high school students. Methods Using a self-administered questionnaire,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3 282 senior high school students from 20 schools between May and June 2013. Results The prevalence of lifetime drinking was 75.61%,60.22% of the participants were past-year drinkers,while22.75% of them had consumed alcohol in the past 30 days.During the past 30 days,7.17% of the adolescents reported that they drank at least 6drinks on one occasion,and 27.67% of the students had drunk until intoxication in the past year.Overall,the prevalence of the five above drinking behaviors of boys were higher than those of girls.Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the independent effect of SES indicators on binge drink and drunkenness.For the students from more affluent families or with low academic grade,the adjusted odds of binge drink and drink until intoxication were significantly higher,compared with those who from less affluent families or with high academic grade. Conclusion Due to the high prevalence of the alcohol consumption among senior high school students in Guangzhou,it is important to have early education and intervention in order to reduce alcohol availability and drinking among adolescents.