广州市越秀地区3475例0～13岁儿童常量和微量元素检测结果分析

Relationship of constant and trace element of 0～13 years old children in Yuexiu district of Guangzhou

目的分析当前越秀地区0～13岁儿童血钙、铜、铁、镁和锌水平的缺乏情况,为科学指导儿童合理补充微量、常量元素提供理论依据。方法采用原子吸收光谱法对3 475例0～13岁儿童的末梢血进行五种元素检测。按年龄大小分成0～1、1～3、4～7、8～13岁四个年龄组,总分析人群按性别分为男女两组,采用t检验及χ^2检验进行分析。结果越秀区儿童存在不同程度的常、微量元素缺乏情况,其中锌、铁、钙缺乏情况最为严重,缺锌居第1位（24%）,缺钙居第2位（6.1%）。钙的缺乏率随年龄增大而增大（P〈0.05）;锌的缺乏率随着年龄增大而减低,以婴儿组缺乏最明显;五种元素男女缺乏率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论该地区儿童各常量及微量元素均存在一定的缺乏情况,随着年龄的增长呈动态变化,需定期检测,及时根据年龄及性别的情况调整饮食结构或给予合理的药物补充。

Objective To analyze the current levels of lack situation of blood constant elelments of 0～13years old children in Yuexiu district,Guangzhou. Method The constant and trace elements of 3 475 children aged 0～13years old were measured and compared. Results Zinc and calcium were in the biggest need.Zinc ranked the first（24%）in the four age groups,and calcium ranked second（6.1%）.The absent rate of calcium increased by the ages,and the absent rate of zinc decreased by the ages,especially in infants.There was no significant difference of these five constant elements between boys and girls. Conclusions Lack of some constant and trace elements are common and related of diet behavior.The relevant media should be proposed in the diet structure and correcting bad diet behavior.Regular inspection,adjust diet structure or add reasonable drug timely based on ages and genders are needed.