论建设项目环境影响评价制度的法律责任

On the Legal Liability of Environmental Impact Assessment System on Construction Projects

关于建设项目环境影响评价制度的法律责任,我国《环境影响评价法》第31条在适用范围和"限期补办手续"规定上存在立法缺陷。新修订的《环境保护法》为更好地贯彻实施建设项目环境影响评价制度,在规制范围、执行主体和处罚措施方面均做出了立法调整。但法律责任规定的不一致性导致环境执法游离于《环境影响评价法》与《环境保护法》之间,同时对于罚款数额、恢复原状等具体适用条件亦不明晰。鉴于此,建设项目环境影响评价制度的法律责任的适用应以规范目标或立法目的为导向,运用法律解释方法解决法律选择问题,同时在立法层面对适用条件作进一步完善。

The provisions of Article 31in＂Environmental Impact Assessment Act＂have defects in applicable range and ex-post environmental impact assessment system on construction projects.The new ＂Environmental Protection Act＂has made legislative adjustments in the scope of the regulation,executors and sanctions in order to implement environmental impact assessment system on construction projects better.But legal liability is inconsistent between ＂Environmental Impact Assessment Act＂and＂Environmental Protection Act＂in terms of the amount of fines,restitution and other penalties.As a result,environmental enforcement is difficult to implement.In view of this,the legal liability of environmental impact assessment system on construction projects should be based on the legislative goal and use legal interpretation methods to choose the appropriate law.At the same time the applicable conditions should be further specified in legislation.