褐点石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)胚胎及仔稚幼鱼发育研究（英文）

Study on Embryonic Development, Larva,Juvenile and Young Fish of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus

[目的]研究掌握褐点石斑鱼胚胎及仔稚幼鱼各期发育特征,以便高效的进行褐点石斑鱼的苗种培育。[方法]通过对海南养殖的褐点石斑鱼（Epinephelus fuscoguttatus）人工催产后自然产卵受精所得的受精卵的群体试验,研究了其胚胎及胚后发育各期的形态特征、发育时间以及神经系统、消化系统、循环系统的发生等。[结果]褐点石斑鱼受精卵圆球形,无色透明,单油球,卵径0.83～0.94 mm;依据发育进程其胚胎发育划分为受精卵阶段、卵裂阶段、囊胚阶段、原肠阶段、胚体形成阶段、孵化阶段共6个阶段;在水温28.4～31.9℃,盐度31～32‰,p H 8.4的海水中,褐点石斑鱼胚胎历时20 h47 min完成整个胚胎发育过程孵化出膜,孵化的生态学总积温为455.361℃·h;胚后发育依据卵黄囊、背鳍第二鳍棘、腹鳍棘及鳞片、体色的变化分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期及幼鱼期。仔鱼期根据卵黄囊的有无又分为前期仔鱼和后期仔鱼。褐点石斑鱼胚后发育过程中最显著的变化是第一腹鳍棘与第二背鳍棘以及鳍棘上小刺的长出与收回。[结论]该研究为褐点石斑鱼的大规模育苗生产提供基础参考资料。

This study aimed to study the development characteristics of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus at the embryo, larval, juvenile and young fish stages, thereby improving the breeding efficiency of E. fuscoguttatus. [Method] The morphological characteristics and embryonic and post embryonic development of E. fuscoguttatus, including the occurrence and development of nervous system, digestive system and circulatory system, were observed and analyzed using eggs self-fertilized with artificially induced spawning in the breeding base of Hainan Province. [Result] The fertilized egg of E. fuscoguttatus is spherical, colorless transparent with single oil ball, and its diameter ranges from 0.83 to 0.94 mm. Based on the development process, the embryonic development of E. fuscoguttatus was divided into six stages, namely fertilized egg stage, cleavage stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, idiosome formation stage and hatching stage. The entire embryonic development of E. fuscoguttatus required 20 h 47 min in the sea water with temperature of 28.4-31.9℃ salinity of 31-32 and pH of 8.4, and the total cumulative temperature was 455.361 ℃·h. The post embryonic development of E. fuscoguttatus was divided into larval stage, juvenile stage and young fish stage based on the features of the yolk-sac, second dorsal fin spine, pelvic fin spine, and body color. Accordingly, the larval stage was further classified into pre-larva and post-larva, with or without yolk-sac, respectively. The extension and shrinkage of the first pelvic fin spine and the second dorsal fin spine as well as the spinules on aforementioned spines were the most significant changes during the post embryonic development of E. fuscoguttatus. [Conclusion] This study will provide some basic data for industrial breeding of E. fuscoguttatus.