清末吴淞江、黄浦江疏浚问题探讨

The Dredging of Wusong River and Huangpu River in the Late Qing Dynasty

河道疏浚问题是《辛丑条约》及清末中外修订商约交涉中的重要内容之一。上海港作为当时中国最大的约开商埠,其对于中外的重要价值因河道淤塞而严重降低。1901年,在与两江总督磋商吴淞江疏浚问题之际,列强强迫清政府订立条约,明确规定对黄浦江进行疏浚。事关国家土地、朝廷主权、长江咽喉,岂敢坐视付与外人?从《辛丑条约》中的《修治上海黄浦河道局条款》到《改订修治黄浦河道条款》,清政府历经五载之交涉,终于在形式上取得修浚浦江的主权。这一过程不仅可以反映清末步履维艰的时局,也在一定程度上体现了晚清政府维护国权的意识,是中国摆脱不平等条约束缚的有益探索。

The river dredging is an important content in 1901 Treaty and other business treaties signed by the government of Qing and other foreign countries in the late Qing Dynasty.The port of Shanghai,as the biggest allowed open port at that time,had lost its position sharply because of its silted channel.In 1901,when Liang Jiang governors discussed the river dredging in Wusong river,the eleven countries forced the Qing government to sign the treaty,in which the river dredging was asked definitely.As for the river dredging,situated at the important part of Yangtze River,relating to the country＇s sovereignty,the Qing government didn＇t want to give up it.From Dredging Silted Huangpu Channel to Refined Terms for Dredging Silted Huangpu Channel,the government of Qing finally won the right in dredging it after five years＇ struggling talks.This process shows us not only the difficulties the Qing government faced,but also the fight for sovereignty in late Qing Dynasty,which is of great significance to Chinese people＇s breaking with the unequal treaties.