盐肤木林内间作对角倍蚜虫瘿数量的影响

Influence of intercroping on the gall number of horned gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis

对不同间作方式下盐肤木林的角倍蚜虫瘿数量进行研究,结果表明:(1)盐肤木纯林的单株虫瘿数、单叶虫瘿数和有虫瘿梢头率分别为14.1个、2.3个和78.4%,而盐肤木襄荷混作林的单株虫瘿数、单叶虫瘿数和有虫瘿梢头率分别为25.8个、3.2个和91.2%,分别为前者的1.8倍、1.4倍,有虫瘿梢头率增加了12.8%。(2)与盐肤木纯林相比,盐肤木襄荷混作林内的温度略低,全天平均低1.6℃,而相对湿度略高,全天平均高5.9%,高湿和较小温度变幅可能是虫瘿数量增加的主要原因。(3)当盐肤木与蔬菜混作时,单株梢头数和有虫瘿梢头数分别比纯林增加了1.4倍,增加的原因可能与蔬菜种植中的松土和施肥有关。综上所述,盐肤木与襄荷混作可以增加倍子产量,盐肤木与蔬菜混作可以增加有虫瘿梢头数量,两种混作模式均可在生产中推广应用。

The horned gall aphid,Schlectendalia chinensis,is a major species of Chinese gallnut aphids. It produces horned galls on the sumac,Rhus chinensis,which has been mainly used for medical and chemical purposes because it is rich in tannins. In the past,the horned galls have been harvested from the wild R.chinensis forests. However,R. chinensis is increasingly planted as a crop for horned gall production. We analyzed the influence of intercropping on gall yield. Our results showed that the number of galls per tree increased 1. 8 fold,that the number of galls per leaf was 1. 4 fold higher,and that the percentage of branches that harbor galls increased by 12. 8% compared to controls when sumac was intercropped with the ginger species Zingiber striolatum. Further we found that average daily temperatures decreased 1. 6℃ and that average daily relative humidity increased by 5. 9% in the intercropped forest. Similarly,the branch number per tree was 1. 4 fold higher,and the number of gall-bearing branches per tree was increased 1. 4 fold compared to controls when we intercropped sumac with vegetables such as cabbage,pepper and tomato. Our data therefore indicates that intercropping sumac with Zingiber striolatum or vegetable species may beneficial for gall productivity and increase the overall number of galls as well as gall-bearing branches.