都市近郊中低产田鲜食玉米/花生间作模式研究

Study on Intercropping Patterns of Fresh Corn with Peanut in Middle-and Low-Yielding Fields of Suburban Areas

于都市近郊中低产田对鲜食玉米/花生3∶4行比间作种植模式与其单作对比进行了研究。结果表明:鲜食玉米/花生3∶4行比常规间作模式最佳,玉米/花育28间作与玉米单作相比,每公顷增收2 976.0元,与花生单作覆膜相比,每公顷增收11 916.0元,经济效益十分显著。该模式玉米单株产量水平明显高于单作,且鲜食玉米较花生提前一个月收获,使得花生后期生长无玉米遮荫影响且具边行优势,可缩减间作与单作花生单株产量水平的差距(常规间作的小花生单株鲜果重高于单作不覆膜),从而大幅度提高玉米花生间作体系的综合经济效益。

The intercropping patterns of fresh corn with peanut（ row ratio of 3 ∶ 4） were compared with monocropping in middle- and low- yielding fields of suburban areas. The results showed that the conventional intercropping patterns of fresh corn and peanut（ row ratio of 3∶ 4） was the optimum. The benefit of intercropping pattern of corn with Huayu 28 increased by 2 976. 0 Yuan per hectare compared with the monocropping corn and 11 916. 0 Yuan per hectare compared with monocropping and mulching peanut. The increase of economic benefit was significant. Under this pattern,the yield per plant of corn was significantly higher than that under monocropping,and the fresh corn was harvested one month earlier than peanut to have no overshadow effect on peanut with edge growth effects at late growth stage;the yield gap between monocropped and intercropped peanut was cut down,thus the comprehensive economic benefit was greatly improved.