两种熏蒸剂对土传病害的防控效果及黄瓜产量的影响

Studies on Effect of Two Fumigants on Cucumber Main Soil Borne Diseases and Cucumber Yield

在北京顺义黄瓜大棚中采用注射法施用二甲基二硫、混土法施用棉隆,对土壤进行熏蒸处理,施药后土壤表面覆盖完全不透膜,比较二甲基二硫与棉隆对黄瓜主要土传病害的防治情况及对黄瓜生长和产量的影响。结果表明,两种熏蒸剂对黄瓜根结线虫(Meloidogynespp.)、疫霉菌(Phytophthora spp.)和镰刀菌(Fusariumspp.)均有较好的防效,二甲基二硫40g·m^()-2)处理时对3种病原物的防效分别为84.29%、75.99%、79.94%,棉隆30.0g·m^()-2)处理的防效分别为80.30%、92.36%、92.27%,而且二甲基二硫、棉隆处理与空白对照相比,黄瓜净收入分别增加66%~85%和65%~71%。

Both dimethyl disulfide（DMDS） and dazomet（DZ）were applied to cucumber in greenhouse at Beijing Shunyi District,where soil borne diseases were serious. DZ was applied with a small rotary tiller and DMDS,by injection method. Then the soil surfase was covered with completely impermeable film. The effects of DMDS and DZ on cucumber main soil borne diseases and cucumber growth and yield were compared. Results indicated that both DMDS and DZ could effectively control Meloidogyne spp.,Phytophthora spp. and Fusarium spp.,the control efficiency were 84.29%,75.99% and 79.94%,respectively at DMDS usage of 40 g·m^-2）,and 80.30%,92.36%,92.27%,respectively at DZ usage of 30 g·m^-2）. Compared with the control group,DMDS and DZ fumigation increase the net income of cucumber by 66%-85% and 65%-71%,respectively.