氯胺酮咪达唑仑联合用药在小鼠快速实验的麻醉效果评价

Evaluation of anesthetic effects of ketamine combined with midazolam on fast experiment of mice

目的探讨氯胺酮及咪达唑仑单药及联合用药对于小鼠快速实验的麻醉效果。方法 6周龄雌性小鼠30只,随机分为氯胺酮单药组120.0 mg/kg(K组)、咪达唑仑单药组75.0 mg/kg(M组)、联合药物组氯胺酮50.0 mg/kg+咪达唑仑2.5 mg/kg(KM1组)、氯胺酮70.0 mg/kg+咪达唑仑3.5 mg/kg(KM2组)、氯胺酮100.0 mg/kg+咪达唑仑5.0 mg/kg(KM3组),每组6只。所有小鼠在腹腔注射药物后记录翻正反射消失时间及恢复时间。在翻正反射消失后3、5、10 min进行刺激评分,包括夹尾反射、前脚回缩反射、后脚回缩反射和角膜反射。反射存在记0分、反射消失记1分,比较3个时点每只小鼠的4项相加评分。结果与K组和M组相比,KM1组、KM2组、KM3组的翻正反射消失时间均显著缩短(P<0.01),翻正反射恢复时间在KM2组、KM3组均显著延长(P<0.01)。与K组相比,KM2、KM3组翻正反射消失后5 min和10 min的评分显著增高(P<0.05);与M组相比,KM2组翻正反射消失后5 min和10 min的评分显著增高(P<0.05),KM3组翻正反射消失后3、5、10 min的评分均显著增高(P<0.05)。结论氯胺酮联合咪达唑仑麻醉小鼠可达到满意的麻醉效果。其中,氯胺酮100.0 mg/kg联合咪达唑仑5.0 mg/kg剂量组的麻醉起效快,动物耐受疼痛刺激效果好,适用于小鼠快速实验。

Objective To compare the anesthetic effects of the single or mixed doses of ketamine and midazolam on fast experiment of mice.Methods Thirty female Balb/c mice were chosen and randomized into the ketamine group（120.0 mg/kg;group K）,the midazolam group（75.0 mg/kg;group M）,the ketamine 50.0 mg/kg ＋ midazolam 2.5 mg/kg group（group KM1）,the ketamine 70.0 mg/kg ＋ midazolam 3.5 mg/kg group（group KM2）,and the ketamine 100.0 mg/kg＋ midazolam 5.0 mg/kg group（group KM3）.All the mice were anesthetized by intra-abdominal injection.The time of loss of righting reflex（LRR） and the time of recovery of righting reflex（RRR） were recorded.The stimulation scores were recorded and compared at 3,5,10 min after LRR respectively,which were measured by 4 reflexes：tail pinch reflex,pedal withdrawal reflex of forelimbs,pedal withdrawal reflex of hindlimbs and corneal reflex.When a reflex reaction to stimulation was observed,the score was 0,otherwise the score was 1.Each parameter was scored and the total score was calculated for each mouse.Results Compared with group K and group M,the time of LRR were all significantly reduced in KM1,KM2 and KM3（P〈0.01）,while the time of RRR significantly increased in these groups respectively（P〈0.01）.Compared with group K,stimulation scores at 5 min and 10 min after LRR were all significantly higher in group KM2 and KM3 respectively（P〈0.05）.Compared with group M,stimulation scores at 5min and 10 min were both significantly higher in group KM2（P〈0.05）,while scores at 3,5 and 10 min were all significantly increased at group KM3（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The satisfied anesthetic effect is found in the mixed doses of ketamine and midazolam group,Ketamine100.0 mg/kg＋midazolam 5.0 mg/kg is commended for fast experiment of mice due to the rapid anesthesia and satisfied tolerance of stimulation.