植物叶片衰老的研究综述

Research Survey of Plant Leaf Senescence

叶片在植物生长过程中起重要作用,是植物进行光合作用的重要场所。叶片衰老过程复杂,主要包括蛋白质、RNA、叶绿素和质膜等的分解和营养物质的再次利用,在分子水平层面,是相关衰老基因的活跃表现,是植物生长后期的重要特征。本文结合植物叶片生长发育的过程,从叶片衰老过程中各组织的细胞生理生化及结构变化、植物激素以及基因调控等方面对叶片衰老的机理进行综述,并提出今后研究的方向。

Leaf,an organ where photosynthesis happens,plays an important role in the process of plant growth and development.Leaf senescence ,an important feature of plants＆#39;late development,have ex-tremely complex processes,which mainly contains the decomposition of chlorophyll,protein,plasma membrane,RNA and other macromolecules,the reuse of the nutrients and the activated expression of a large number of genes related to senescence at the molecular level.Recently,lots of researches a-bout the regulation mechanism of leaf senescence have been conducted,and great progress has been made.This paper,with the combination of the process of leaf senescence,reviewed its mechanism in various aspects,such as the changes of cell structure in different tissues,the physiological and bio-chemical changes in cells,plant hormone and the gene regulation.Finally it proposes the directions for the future research.