从自由主义启蒙到马克思主义启蒙

From Liberal Enlightenment to Marxist Enlightenment

马克思主义是对"18世纪法国伟大启蒙学者所提出的各种原则的进一步的、似乎更彻底的发展"。启蒙思想与马克思主义先后进入中国,并曾经共同为反对封建主义而相互合作,后来两种思想逐渐开始走向对立。马克思主义中国化的进程实际上也是马克思主义不断与自由主义思潮相互交织、相互辩论乃至相互斗争的过程。毛泽东对启蒙思想由早期的认同到后来的扬弃,在中国革命实践中的不断与启蒙思想的论争中实现了对启蒙思想的超越,完成了马克思主义在中国的第一次飞跃。

Marxism is the transformative form of theories developed by great Enlightenment scholars of the 18 th century France. The introduction of Marxism to China coincided with appearance of Enlightenment thoughts. The two thoughts worked together during the fight with feudalism, but became opposite to each other afterwards. The localization of Marxism in China is actually the progress of interacting, debating and even combating with liberalism. Mao Zedong＇s change of opinion towards enlightenment thoughts was the process of approval to sublation in Chinese revolutionary context. It has transcended Enlightenment thoughts and become the first leap of Marxism in China.