进化论与20世纪初的中国社会主义思潮

Evolutionism and the Trend of Socialism in China in the Early 20th Century

20世纪初,进化论在中国的传播为人们认识历史、现实与未来的关系,奠定了一个历史观的基础。人们依此批判"中体西用"论和"西学中源"论,把握中西文明的关系,探讨中国社会的未来发展。当时,主张社会变革的中国人关注到了西方社会主义思想,进而在传统大同思想的基础上对其进行解读,为中国社会变革提出了一个社会主义目标,也对马克思的社会主义思想进行了评价。这其中既体现了一种开放精神,也体现了一种文化自信。

In the early 1900 s, spreading of evolutionism in China laid a historical foundation for people to recognize the relationship between history, reality and future. Accordingly, people began to criticize both ＂Zhongtixiyong＂ and ＂Xixuezhongyuan＂ ideas, grasp the relationship between Western-Chinese civilization and discuss the future development of Chinese society. At that time, those that advocated social changes paid attention to the Western socialist ideology, and then interpreted it based on the traditional idea of overall harmony. It not only proposed a goal of socialism for the social changes in China, but also made comments on Marx＇s socialist ideology.The spirit of openness and cultural self-confidence were both embodied in that period.