乌鲁木齐腹泻婴幼儿轮状病毒感染的分子特征

Molecular characterization of rotavirus in children with diarrhea in Urumqi

目的 分析乌鲁木齐腹泻婴幼儿轮状病毒（Rotavirus,RV）感染流行情况及其基因型特征。方法 将2007年1-12月收集于乌鲁木齐市第一人民医院（儿童医院）的3 662例5岁以下门诊和住院腹泻患儿粪便标本,采用胶体金法和ELISA法检测RV,并随机选取部分RV阳性样本进行G/P基因分型。结果 3 662例样本中检出RV阳性1 470例,检出率为40.1%。对其中142例阳性样本（约10%）进行RV PCR基因分型,其中121例婴幼儿阳性分型结果显示：G1型比例最高占36.4%,其次为G3型（20.7%）、G2型（15.7%）和G9型（13.2%）,G型混合感染占6.6%,G未能分型9例（7.4%）。P型分型以P[8]为主,占60.3%,其次为P[4]（18.2%）和P[6]（5.8%）,P混合感染占15.7%。最主要的G/P组合为G1P[8]（28.1%,34/121）,其次是G3P[8]（19.8%,24/121）、G2P[4]（14.9%,18/121）和G9P[8]（8.3%,10/121）,并检测到不常见组合基因型如G1P[6]、G1P[4]、G9P[4]和G9P[6]等。21例新生儿（≤28 d）阳性样本的分型结果为：G型以G9为主,占42.9%（9例）,其次是G1（4例）,G3（3例）,G2（1例）,G混合感染3例,未能分型1例。P型以P[6]为主,占47.6%（10例）,其次是P[8]及Pmixed各5例,P[4]1例。G/P基因型组合以G9P[6]为主（6例）,其次G1P[8]、G3P[8]和G1P[6]各2例,G2P[4]和G9P[8]各1例。结论 本年度轮状病毒流行基因型复杂多样。婴幼儿RV感染以G1P[8]为主,新生儿RV感染则以G9P[6]为主。需警惕婴幼儿RV株与新生儿RV株的交叉混合感染而致新流行株的产生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and genotype characteristics of group A rotavirus in children under 5years old with diarrhea in Urumqi. Methods During the year of 2007,a total of 3 662 diarrhea stool samples were collected from outpatients and children hospitalized under the age of 5 in the First People＇s Hospital of Urumqi. RV antigens were detected by colloidal gold assay and ELISA. About 10% RV positive samples were randomly selected for G / P genotyping. Results RV was detected in 1 470 of 3 662 samples（ 40. 1%） and a total of 142 positive samples were typed by PCR. Of the 121 infants and children with RV infection,G1 accounted for 36. 4%,followed by G3（ 20. 7%）,G2（ 15. 7%） and G9（ 13. 2%）,the G mixed infection was 6. 6% and 9 couldn＇t be typed. For P-type,P[8]was the predominant genotype with 60. 3%,followed by P[4]（ 18. 2%）,and P[6]（ 5. 8%）. P mixed was 15. 7%. The major G / P combination was G1P[8]（ 28. 1%）,next for G3P[8]（ 19. 8%）,G2P[4]（ 14. 9%） and G9P[8 ]（ 8. 3%）. G1P[6 ],G1P[4],G9P[4] and G9P[6] were also detected as the G / P uncommon combinations. 21 neonates with RV diarrhea showed G9 was the major G genotype（ 9 /21）,followed by G1（ 4 /21）,G3（ 3 /21） and G2（ 1 /21）. G mixed infections were3 and 1 was undetermined. P[6] ranked first with 10,P[8] and P mixed were 5,respectively. One was P[4]. G9P[6]was found to be the major G / P type in neonates. G1P[8],G3P[8] and G1P[6] were detected for 2 each and G2P[4],G9P[8] for one each in neonates. Conclusion RV genotypes were complex and diverse in 2007 in Urumqi. G1P[8]was the main G / P combination in infants and children,and G9P[6]was the main in neonates. It needs to be mindful that the mixed infection between infant RV strains and neonatal RV strains will produce new epidemic strain.