健康教育对城市某社区糖尿病患者自我管理影响的研究

Effects of health education on self-management of patients with diabetes in certain community

目的探讨健康教育对城市某社区糖尿病患者自我管理的影响。方法选择2011年12月—2015年2月在西城区西长安街社区卫生服务中心就诊的某社区2型糖尿病患者120例,根据随机数字表法分为治疗组与对照组各60例,在治疗过程中对照组采用常规健康教育模式,而治疗组给予医院组织的糖尿病同伴支持团队支持教育,干预周期为3个月。结果干预后2组的胰岛素抵抗指数明显降低,而胰岛素分泌指数明显升高,对比差异都有统计学意义(P<0.05),同时干预后上述指标在组间对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后2组空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖值均呈现明显的下降(P<0.05),同时干预后治疗组的空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖值明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组干预后的4项自我管理能力评分均明显提高(P<0.05),同时干预后治疗组的4项自我管理能力评分也均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后治疗组与对照组的满意度分别为98.3%和85.0%,治疗组的满意度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论胰岛素治疗在城市某社区糖尿病患者中的应用能有效改善胰岛素分泌与抵抗指数,而同伴支持团队健康教育的参与能提高患者的自我管理能力,促进血糖水平的降低,从而提高患者的满意度。

Objective To investigate the effects of health education on the self-management of patients with diabetes in a certain community. Methods From December,2011 to February,2015,120 patients with type 2 diabetes in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the treatment group and control group with 60 cases in each group. The conventional health education was carried out in the control group,while DM peer support group was performed in the treatment group. The intervention period was three months. Results After the intervention,the indices of insulin resistance in the two groups were significantly reduced,and the indices of insulin secretion were significantly increased,the difference as compared the indices before the intervention was significant（ P〈0. 05）,but there was no statistically significant differences between the two groups（ P〈0. 05）. The fasting plasma glucose and postprandial 2 h blood glucose levels in both groups were significantly decreased after the intervention（ P〈0. 05）,and more significantly in the treatment group（ P〈0. 05）. The four self-management skills scores in both groups were significantly improved after the intervention（ P〈0. 05）,and more significantly in the treatment group as compared with the control group（ P〈0. 05）. After the intervention,the patients satisfaction in the treatment group and control group were 98. 3% and 85. 0%,respectively,the difference was statistical significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The insulin therapy for diabetes can effectively improve the indices of insulin resistance and insulin secretion. The peer support groups involved in the health education can improve the self-management skills and blood sugar levels of patients,thereby increase patient satisfaction degrees.