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卡夫卡的《变形记》与“灵魂轮回”

Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis and "Metempsychosis"
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摘要 《变形记》的"名"及其主人公的"姓"与"灵魂转世"观念皆有密切联系。斯特林堡的"灵魂丝线"、犹太故事的神秘传统、奥维德作品里的音乐墙及迷宫、耶稣的墓穴,在卡夫卡的这一作品里影影绰绰、秘响旁通,犹如古老文本的灵魂转世。卡夫卡书信中关于"自己里面的鬼魂"的想象赋予了他的写作事业以"灵魂转世"的性质,《变形记》与卡夫卡其他作品的"互文"成为他"作为文学的存在"轮回自我人生的独特方式。 The names of The Metamorphosis and its protagonist can be connected with the idea of "metempsychosis". In perspective of criticism, "silk of one's own soul" in August Strindberg, "transfiguration" in Jewish tales, "maze" in Ovid's The Metamorphoses and Jesus' grave in New Testament, all of them in some sense reappear in Kafka' s text. In addition, by imagining "ghosts in ones' self" (expressed in a letter), Kafka implies an understanding of his writing career as some kind of metempsychosis; that is to say, Kalka' s various works can be regarded as textualized "ghosts" of his own. In this respect, "intertextuality" between The Metamorphosis and Kafka' s other works is his particular way to transmigrate himself in this world.
作者 赵山奎
出处 《长江学术》 2016年第2期83-88,共6页 Yangtze River Academic
基金 教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"当代批评视野中的卡夫卡学术"(13YJC752042) 浙江省哲社规划项目"卡夫卡学术史研究"(12JCWW01YB)的阶段性成果 国家留学基金资助
关键词 卡夫卡 《变形记》 灵魂轮回 Franz Kafka The Metamorphosis Metempsychosis
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参考文献23

  • 1Patrick J. O'Neill, "Kafka's Metamorphosis: Texts and Textualities", James Whitlark, ed. Critical Insights: The Metamorphosis (California: Salem Press, 2012), 48-49.
  • 2Roger Kamenetz, Burnt Books: Rabbi Nachman o~Braslav and Franz Katka (New York: Schocken Books, 2010), 225.
  • 3Stanley Comgold trans. & ed., Franz Kafka: The Metamorphosis (New York: Bantam Books, 1972), 60.
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  • 8Gershom Scholem, Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism, 281.
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  • 10Iris Bruce, "Elements of Jewish Folklore in Kafka' s Metamorphosis," 110-111.

二级参考文献14

  • 1Webster P D. Franz Kafka' s "Metamorphosis" as Death and Res- urrection Fantasy[ C]//Corngold S. Franz Kafka: The Metamor- phosis. New York : Bantam Books, 1972 : 153.
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