文化术语传播与语言相对性

The Dissemination of Cultural Terminology and Language Relativity

文化术语是概念的语言指称,因此文化术语的交流传播会受所属语言的明显制约。汉语的历时相对性表现为古今词汇的不同,中西语言的共时相对性则表现为汉外词语的不对等。另外,词语翻译的语言流向事实上是不对称的,英语处于汉—英词语互相翻译的绝对强势地位,"政治、经济、社会、文化、自然、国家"等现代汉语的词语,往往兼有汉语的传统本义和来自西方语言意译的新义,因此会影响汉语文化术语的对外传播。

The cultural terms can be viewed as the concept of a language, so the dissemination of certain terms would be severely restricted by the language translation. The diachronic language relativity on Chinese shows that there are different vocabulary systems between ancient and modern Chinese, while the synchronic language relativity between Chinese and English shows that their words are not considered to have the same importance. As far as language translation is concerned, English takes the more dominant position. Thus the modern Chinese words such as ＂politics, economy, society, culture, nature and country＂ are all combinations of meanings, containing not only the traditional Chinese meaning, but also the new one from foreign language translation. All above will have a great influence on the dissemination of Chinese culture terminology.