华北抗日根据地小学之语文活教材探究

The Research of Primary School's Chinese Living Teaching Materials in the Anti-Japanese Area in North China

中国传统小学教材内容单一,民国后教材逐渐变化,文体美各方面皆有兼顾。华北抗日根据地,经济困难,交通难行,教材匮乏,为解决这一问题,根据地小学语文教材呈现出从形式到内容的全面变革。语文教材从形式上不限于课本纸质教材,报纸期刊、生活劳动等活教材广泛存在;从内容上不限于已编印之课本,报纸期刊刊登的故事、劳动实际所需知识都是教学教材。抗战时期根据地小学之语文活教材为培养少年儿童参与民族独立战争及新中国建设做出了重要的贡献。

The contents of teaching materials in the traditional primary school of China were single, and they changed gradually after the Republic of China, which were considered in the aspects of culture, sports, and art. Because of the economic hardship, the difficult transportation, and the lack of teaching materials in the anti - Japanese base area in north China, in order to solve these problems, the Chinese teaching materials in the primary school of base area showed a comprehensive change from the form to the content. In forms, the Chinese teaching materials were not limit- ed to paper textbooks, and newspapers, periodicals, living and labor, and other living materials existed widely. In contents, they were not limited to printed textbooks, and the stories of newspapers and periodicals, and the practical knowledge of labor were the teaching materials. During the period of anti Japanese war, the Chinese teaching materials of primary school made an important contribution to the development of children＇s DarticiDation in the national war of independence and the construction of new China.