我国不能犯未遂处罚依据探析

Probe into the Basis of Punishment for Impossible Criminal Attempt in China

不能犯未遂这个概念自从提出以来一直有着激烈的争议,而在各种争议中不能犯未遂的处罚依据又尤其的激烈。在不能犯未遂处罚依据的理论中,有纯粹主观说、抽象危险说、具体危险说以及纯粹客观说。四个理论虽然各自的侧重点不同,但是究其本质来看,四个理论的实质就是针对危险性这个抽象的概念进行界定。因此不能犯未遂的依据也就是对于根据实际的案情对于危险性的界定从而来判断是不能犯未遂还是不可罚的不能犯。通过对这四个理论的比较分析,结合我国的国情和司法实践中的操作可行性,应当坚持具体危险说的判断标准。

There has been a lot of heated debates since the introduction of ＂the concept of Impossible Criminal At- tempt, among which the basis of punishment for Impossible Criminal Attempt is the most controversial one. Nowa- days, there are four prevalent theories of punishment basis for Impossible Criminal Attempt - prlrely subjective theo- ry, abstract danger theory, concrete danger theory, and purely objective theory. Although these four theories have re- spectively different emphasises, their essence lies on the same point - trying to make definitions for the abstract con- cept of danger. Therefore, the basis of punishment for Impossible Criminal Attempt should be established according to the specific definitions of danger defined by specific cases. Considering the particular situations of China, the author thinks that concrete danger theory applies to China＇s situations the best.