草鱼脆化过程中血液学指标及组织氧化还原的动态变化

Effects of feeding broad bean on haematological indexes and redox balance of grass carp( Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

以常规配合饲料和蚕豆饲喂平均体质量为(936.7±6.1)g的草鱼,测定了草鱼在脆化过程中血液学指标及肌肉、肝胰脏、鳃组织氧化还原的动态变化。结果表明,白细胞数、淋巴细胞数、血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞体积及平均红细胞血红蛋白含量均受饲料种类和饲喂时间的双重影响,蚕豆组草鱼12 w时的白细胞数、淋巴细胞数、红细胞数、血红蛋白含量均较对照组显著下降(P<0.05);蚕豆组草鱼4 w时肝胰脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,8 w时鳃超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性、肌肉丙二醛(MDA)含量,12 w时肝胰脏、肌肉及鳃SOD活性,肌肉及鳃CAT活性,肝胰脏、肌肉MDA含量均较对照组显著升高(P<0.05);而蚕豆组草鱼在4 w时的肌肉、鳃,8 w时的肝胰脏、鳃,及12 w时的鳃内还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);4 w时的肌肉、鳃,8 w时的肝胰脏、鳃、肌肉,及12 w时鳃中的GSH/GSSG系数均较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,摄食蚕豆会对草鱼带来血液学指标及组织抗氧化机能的时间累积性损伤,提示在养殖过程中需采取措施以提高机体抗氧化能力。

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of feeding broad bean on haematology indexes and redox balance of grass carp（ Ctenopharyngodon idellus）. Grass carp with body weight of（ 936. 7 ± 6. 1） g were fed formula feed（ control group） and broad bean（ broad bean group）,and then were sampled for measuring haematological indexes and redox balance indexes at various time points. Results showed that the amounts of white blood cells and lymphocyte,hemoglobin level,average corpuscular volume and average corpuscular hemoglobin are affected by both diets and feeding period. At the 12-（th）week,fish fed broad bean had a significantly lower amounts of white blood cells,lymphocytes,red blood cells and lower hemoglobin level than control fish（ P〈0. 05）. The hepatopancreas CAT activity at the 4-（th）week,the gills superoxide dismutase（ SOD） activity and the muscle malondialdehyde（ MDA） content at the 8-（th）week,the hepatopancreas SOD activity,the SOD,catalase（ CAT） activities of muscle and gills and the MDA contents in hepatopancreas and muscle at the 12-（th）week,were all significantly increased by feeding broad bean（ P〈0. 05）,when compared with control group. In terms of tissue glutathione level,fish fed broad bean had lower level of reduced glutathione（ GSH） and lower ratio of GSH / GSSG（ oxidized glutathione） in gills and muscle at the 4-（th）week,lower GSH level,lower ratios of GSH / GSSG in hepatopancreas and gills,and lower GSH / GSSG ratio in muscle at the 8-（th）week than those of control group（ P〈0. 05）. At the 12-（th）week,the GSH level and ratios of GSH / GSSG in gills of fish fed broad bean were also significantly lower than those of control group（ P〈0. 05）. In conclusion, feeding broad bean could produce cumulative damage to haematological indexes and redox balance of grass carp,and some measures should be taken to promote the anti-oxidation property of the fish.