呼吸道感染儿童九项呼吸道病原体IgM抗体结果分析

Ig M antibodies against 9 kinds of respiratory pathogens in children with respiratory infectious diseases

目的探讨九项呼吸道病原体IgM抗体在呼吸道感染儿童中的流行现状,为临床有效防治提供依据。方法选取呼吸道感染住院患儿1454例,间接免疫荧光法检测嗜肺军团菌血清1型（LP1）、肺炎支原体（MP）、Q热立克次体（COX）、肺炎衣原体（CPn）、腺病毒（ADV）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、甲型流感病毒（INFA）、乙型流感病毒（INFB）和副流感病毒1、2、3型（PIVs）IgM抗体,分析其阳性率及季节性变化。结果在1454例患儿中,共检出呼吸道病原体IgM抗体阳性729例,阳性率50.14%;MP阳性率最高,其次为INFB、ADV、RSV、PIVs;MP和INFB在女性患儿阳性率显著高于男性患儿（P〈0.01）;不同年龄段患儿呼吸道病原体Ig M抗体阳性率不同,3-7岁患儿阳性率最高,其中MP和INFB阳性率分别为55.70%和33.76%,显著高于其他年龄段患儿（P〈0.01）;MP、PIVs、RSV、INFB、LP1和ADV在5月份的阳性率最高,分别是59.49%、14.56%、13.29%、43.67%、5.06%和30.38%。结论儿童呼吸道病原体主要是MP和INFB,女孩阳性率显著高于男孩,3-7岁年龄段儿童为呼吸道病原体感染的高发人群。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of IgM antibodies against 9 kinds of respiratory pathogens in children so as to provide evidence for clinically effective prevention and treatment. Methods On 1454 children with respiratory infectious diseases in hospital,IgM antibodies against legionella pneumophila（LP1）,mycoplasma pneumoniae（MP）,q fever coxiella burnetii（COX）,chlamydia pneumoniae（CPn）,adenovirus（ADV）,respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）,influenza A virus（INFA）,influenza B virus（INFB） and parainfluenza virus（PIVs） were measured by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The positive rate of IgM antibodies and its seasonal distribution were observed. Results Among 1454 cases,there were total 729 positive cases of IgM antibodies against 9 kinds of respiratory pathogens and the positive rate was 50.14%. The positive rate of MP was highest,followed by INFB,ADV,RSV and PIVs. The positive rates of MP and INFB in girls were significantly higher than it in boys（ P〈0.01）. In different age groups,the positive rates of Ig M antibodies against respiratory tract pathogens were different and the positive rate was highest in 3-7 years old group,in which positive rates of IgM antibodies against MP and INFB were 55.7% and 33.76%,which were significantly higher than the positive rate of infection in children in other age groups（ P〈0.01）. In a year,the positive rates of IgM antibodies against MP,PIVs,RSV,INFB,LP1 and ADV were highest in May,which were 59.49%,14.56%,13.29%,43.67%,5.06% and 30.38% respectively. Conclusion Children with respiratory infectious diseases are mainly infected by MP and INFB and positive rate in girls is significantly higher than that in boys. The children between 3 and 7 years old are the high-risk population with respiratory infectious diseases.