宁夏南部山区6～12岁回汉族学生患龋现况

Dental caries among 6-to 12-year-old Hui and Han students in Ningxia southern mountainous area

目的了解宁夏南部山区6～12岁回、汉族学生患龋状况,为有效开展龋病防治提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取宁夏南部山区6个区县12所小学2 907名6～12岁小学生进行龋病流行病学调查。结果 6～12岁学生总患龋率为60.7%,龋均为（1.76±2.08）,龋齿充填构成比为1.6%;第一恒磨牙患龋率为26.8%,龋均为（0.45±0.86）,龋齿充填构成比为2.4%,窝沟封闭率为6.7%;乳牙患龋率为47.0%,龋均为（1.31±1.87）,龋齿充填构成比为1.3%。以上各指标不同民族、年龄、地区间差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.01）,城乡、性别之间差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0.05）。城市学生第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭率为10.2%,乡镇学校的窝沟封闭率为0。结论宁夏南部山区6～12岁回、汉族学生患龋率较高,龋齿充填构成比、窝沟封闭率较低,应加强综合干预防龋措施。

Objective To investigate dental caries among 6-to 12-year-old Hui and Han students in Ningxia southern mountainous area. Methods Dental caries was assessed among 2 907 students aged from 6 to 12 years from 12 primary schools of Ningxia southern mountainous area by using the stratified, cluster sampling. Results The prevalence rate of caries was 60. 7%,and the DMFT / dmft was（ 1.76± 2. 08）. The filled rate of the total caries was 2. 7%; prevalence rate of the first molars caries was26.8% and the DMFT was（ 0.45±0.86）. The filled rate of the caries was 2.4% in the first molars, and the rate of pit and fissure was6.7%; the prevalence rate of deciduous tooth caries was 47% and the dmft was（ 1.31± 1.87）, and the filled rate of the caries was1.3% in deciduous tooth. There were significant difference on caries status between nationality and age and region（ P〈0.01）, but no significant difference between gender（ P〉0.05）. The rate of pit and fissure in the first permanent molar was 10.2% among students in the urban school, while no students with was found having dental sealant in the rural school. Conclusion Dental caries among6-to 12-year-old Hui and Han students in Ningxia southern mountainous area was high. Rate of fissure sealants on permanent first molars is still low, especially in rural area.