不同钾源对设施盆栽番茄生长发育及品质的影响

The Effects of Different Potassium on Growth and Quality of Facility Potted Tomato

通过设置不同钾肥盆栽试验,并定期监测设施番茄生长发育、生理、产量及品质等指标,明确了不同钾源对设施盆栽番茄生长发育及品质的影响。研究结果表明:设施盆栽环境下,外源钾的投入对番茄生长发育有明显的促进作用,提高了番茄叶片光合速率和水分利用效率,并不同程度地促进了番茄产量的增长,其中以硫酸钾增产幅度最大,增产率21.10%;外源钾的投入显著提高了番茄果实Vc、可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量;同时,硫酸钾处理提高番茄糖酸比10.33%,显著降低番茄果实硝酸盐含量44.84%,改善了番茄风味品质,提高了番茄果实食用安全性。硫酸钾处理对结果期番茄钾素吸收有更好的效果。

Pot experiments with different potassium fertilizers were carried out to monitor the indicators such as tomato physiology, yield and quality and clarify the effect of different potassium sources on the growth and quality of facility potted tomato. The results showed that through applying different exogenous potassium, facility potted tomato growth and development were promoted significantly, and tomato yield had a different degree increase on the base N and P fertilizer. Tomato leaf water use efficiency, photosynthetic rate and inhibition of transpiration rate were all increased, and tomato yield of K_2SO_4 fertilizer treatment had the largest increase by 21.10% compared with the contrast. Tomato fruit Vc, soluble solids and soluble sugar content were significantly increased by exogenous potassium treatment. With use of K_2SO_4 fertilize, sugar acid ratio of tomato fruit increased by 10.33% and nitrate content of tomato fruit decreased by 44.84%, and flavor quality and edible security of greenhouse tomato were improved. Therefore, K_2SO_4 fertilizer treatment had a better effect on K absorption during fruiting stage.