广州门禁小区入室盗窃受害率与内部环境分析

COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR ANALYSIS OF BURGLARY VICTIMIZATION IN GATED COMMUNITY IN GUANGZHOU

基于CPTED(crime prevention through environmental design)和社会失序(social disorganization)理论,本文利用2012年在广州进行的入户调查数据,从内部环境角度对广州门禁小区入室盗窃受害情况进行研究。通过描述性分析和回归分析,本文发现小区的社会环境和建成环境都对小区入室盗窃受害情况都有影响,小区正式控制机制、小区开放度和功能混合度对小区入室盗窃受害率有非常显著的影响,小区环境形象和流动性对小区入室盗窃受害率有一定的影响但是并不显著。通过实证分析我们认为CPTED和社会失序理论的监视性、小区组织结构、出入控制等概念对门禁小区入室盗窃受害情况有非常强的解释力;由于门禁小区的特殊性,以及中国经济社会文化背景差异,流动性、领属感、异质性等思想未体现出与理论假设一致的结论。

From the perspective of internal environment, this paper studied the environmental factors which effect gated community＇s burglary victimization, discussed CPTED and social disorganization theory＇s applicability in gated community in China. We take PPS（Probability Proportional to Size） sampling method to select the responders. Our research contents include： community openness, community land use and internal environment, personal information of the household head, community households, residential harmony, relations with the property manage company and the owners＇ committee, community affair involvement, personal housing and living information, personal social and economic information. A total of 1795 valid questionnaires was collected through investigation. To make a preliminary selection of the factors, we conducted a descriptive analysis on all the relevant elements of collection. Principal component analysis is performed to refine the features of these factors selected by descriptive analysis and three main components were extracted.To check community environment and social-economic factor＇s effects on community burglary rate, we built a linear regression model of those three main components. Finally, we sorted all the community factors according to their Performance in the model, and discussed the relevant theories.