农村社区选址适宜性的空间分析研究——以株洲市云田镇为例

STUDY ON THE SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE SITE SELECTION SUITABILITY OF RURAL COMMUNITY: A CASE STUDY OF YUNTIAN OF ZHUZHOU

农村社区的科学选址建设,是改善农民生产生活条件、降低建设与环境成本、提升农村基础设施与公共服务设施覆盖率的重要途径。根据国内外理论动态及我国农村实际情况,以株洲市云田镇为例,建立了一套完整的方法体系。该方法体系涵盖图面矢量化、六边形格网系统、空间标准化、因子分析、综合加权、两步聚类等要素。利用该方法体系,以及国标所规定的地形、水体、绿地、农田、道路、建成区、农村居民点、基础设施8项指标,对云田镇农村社区的选址适宜性进行综合分析。得出8项指标权重,并通过综合加权运算,得到最适宜、适宜、较适宜、不适宜、禁止选址区的分布等结果,以三维柱状图形式进行直观表达。本文的方法将为我国乡镇农村社区选址提供方法论支撑。

According to the national and international theories and the actual situation of Chinese rural areas, a complete set of method system was established in the case of Yuntian Township of Zhuzhou City. This method system includes the following 6 steps. Firstly, the figure vectorization： on the basis of remote sensing map, the software ARCGIS was used to process the vectorization on the main elements. Secondly, the hexagon grid system： a grid system composed by 1680 hexagon grid cells was established on the base analysis map, and covered the whole research field. Thirdly, the spatial standardization： analyzed all kinds of figure spots by a variety of mathematical models, and the site selection suitability variables in various aspects were acquired. Fourthly, the factor analysis： analyzed the site selection suitability variables by the descriptive statistics and factor analysis of the software SPSS, and the weights of various aspects were calculated. Fifthly, the integrated weighted analysis： by processed an integrated weighted analysis on the variables and weights of all grid cells, the integrated weighted variables in various aspects were acquired. Sixthly, the two step clustering： made a pre-clustering on grid cells according to the integrated weighted variables, observed the results, defined the custom categories and process the custom clustering. Finally, the classification results of the site selection suitability were acquired.