基于社会网络的环境创新对企业绩效的影响研究

The Impact of Environmental Innovation on Enterprise Performance:a Research Based on Social Network

[目的/意义]由于环境创新的双重外部性、复杂性等特点,企业进行环境创新的动力和能力不足。通过对企业与社会网络的互动机制及其对企业绩效的影响进行研究,为企业选择合适的合作伙伴及合作方式来共享优势资源,提高环境创新成功的概率和创新收益,以增强企业进行环境创新的动力有一定的指导意义。[方法/过程]将企业社会网络分为合作网络、辅助网络两种,利用结构方程模型,对不同程度环境创新企业与不同类型社会网络成员的互动,及其对环境创新和企业绩效的影响进行了实证分析。[结果/结论]相对于辅助网络,合作网络能显著促进企业的环境创新活动;相对于环境创新程度低的企业,环境创新程度高的企业与合作网络的合作对其环境创新活动的影响更加有效,且随着环境创新程度的提高,企业环境绩效对经济绩效的影响逐渐从负向变为正向;企业的环境创新活动对环境绩效、经济绩效均存在正向影响,但对环境绩效的提升作用明显弱于经济绩效。

[Purpose/Significance] Because of the systemic, complex and high uncertainty characteristics of environmental innovation, it often requires information and skills that companies still lack. We bring a new way to address this problem, which focuses on how compa-nies cooperate with their external partners from social networks, thus to benefit them by sharing knowledge and innovation risks, and help them reduce R＆D costs and improve their products. [ Method/Process] We divide the social network into two categories according to dif-ferent types of partners： partnership-based network and sponsorship-based network. Then we establish structural equation model to ana-lyze the influencing mechanism of social network for environmental innovation and corporate performance. [ Result/Conclusion] It is con-cluded that, cooperation with partnership-based network for environmental innovation benefits enterprises the best, but the influence of co-operation with sponsorship-based network is non-significant; environmental innovation affects environmental performance and financial performance positively, however, the influence of environmental innovation on environmental performance is much weaker than its impact on financial performance;compared to the enterprises with low level of environmental innovation, cooperation with partnership-based net-work is more efficient for the enterprises with high level of environmental innovation, and the relationship between environmental perform-ance and financial performance becomes more positive with the level of environmental innovation getting higher.